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# Simulation Source Folder
## [simple](simple)
Simple testbench for the NEORV32 Processor and script for simulation using GHDL.
- [`ghdl.setup.sh`](simple/ghdl.setup.sh)
- [`ghdl.run.sh`](simple/ghdl.run.sh)
- [`ghdl.sh`](simple/ghdl.sh)
- [`neorv32_tb.simple.vhd`](simple/neorv32_tb.simple.vhd)
- [`neorv32_imem.simple.vhd`](simple/neorv32_imem.simple.vhd): memory component optimized for simulation.
- [`neorv32_imem.iram.simple.vhd`](simple/neorv32_imem.iram.simple.vhd)
- [`uart_rx.simple.vhd`](simple/uart_rx.simple.vhd)
## VUnit testbench
VUnit testbench for the NEORV32 Processor.
- [`run.py`](run.py)
- [`neorv32_tb.vhd`](neorv32_tb.vhd)
- [`uart_rx_pkg.vhd`](uart_rx_pkg.vhd)
- [`uart_rx.vhd`](uart_rx.vhd)
## [`run_riscv_arch_test.sh`](run_riscv_arch_test.sh): NEORV32 RISC-V Architecture Test Framework
This script tests the NEORV32 Processor for RISC-V compatibility using the
[official RISC-V architecture test suite v2+](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-arch-test).
The core's HDL sources are *simulated* using `GHDL` to provide a virtual execution platform for the test framework:
* `rv32i_m/C` - compressed instructions
* `rv32i_m/I` - base ISA
* `rv32i_m/M` - hardware integer multiplication and division
* `rv32i_m/privilege` - privileged architecture
* `rv32i_m/Zifencei` - instruction stream synchronization (for example for self-modifying code)
:warning: The RISC-V GCC toolchain (`riscv{32|64}-unknown-elf`) is required for program compilation, and the simulation
depends on `simple/ghdl_sim.sh`.
To execute all the supported tests open a terminal and run [`./sim/run_riscv_arch_test.sh`](run_riscv_arch_test.sh),
which does the following:
* Make a local copy of the NEORV32 `rtl` folder in `work/`, to keep the project's core files clean.
* Clone (as `git submodule`) the [riscv-arch-test repository](https://github.com/riscv/riscv-arch-test) into `sw/isa-test/riscv-arch-test`.
* Install (copy) the custom `neorv32` test target from `sw/isa-test/port-neorv32` to the
test suite's target folder `work/riscv-arch-test/riscv-target/neorv32`.
* Run the actual tests.
:warning: Simulating all the test cases takes quite some time. Some tests use an optimised description of IMEM
(`neorv32_imem.simple.vhd`), but others require the original because they execute self-modifying code.
:warning: If the simulation of a test does not generate any signature output at all or if the signature is truncated,
try increasing the simulation time by modiying the `SIM_TIME` variable when calling the test makefiles in `run_riscv_arch_test.sh`.
More datails regarding the actual simulation process can be found in the
[target's `README`](../sw/riscv-arch-test/port-neorv32/framework_v2.0/riscv-target/neorv32/README.md).

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-- #################################################################################################
-- # << NEORV32 - Default Processor Testbench >> #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # The processor is configured to use a maximum of functional units (for testing purpose). #
-- # Use the "User Configuration" section to configure the testbench according to your needs. #
-- # See NEORV32 data sheet for more information. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # BSD 3-Clause License #
-- # #
-- # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved. #
-- # #
-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are #
-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met: #
-- # #
-- # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer. #
-- # #
-- # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials #
-- # provided with the distribution. #
-- # #
-- # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to #
-- # endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written #
-- # permission. #
-- # #
-- # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS #
-- # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF #
-- # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE #
-- # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, #
-- # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #
-- # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED #
-- # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING #
-- # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED #
-- # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32 (c) Stephan Nolting #
-- #################################################################################################
library vunit_lib;
context vunit_lib.vunit_context;
context vunit_lib.com_context;
context vunit_lib.vc_context;
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
use ieee.math_real.all;
library neorv32;
use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;
use neorv32.neorv32_application_image.all; -- this file is generated by the image generator
use std.textio.all;
library osvvm;
use osvvm.RandomPkg.all;
use work.uart_rx_pkg.all;
entity neorv32_tb is
generic (runner_cfg : string := runner_cfg_default;
ci_mode : boolean := false);
end neorv32_tb;
architecture neorv32_tb_rtl of neorv32_tb is
-- User Configuration ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- general --
constant ext_imem_c : boolean := false; -- false: use and boot from proc-internal IMEM, true: use and boot from external (initialized) simulated IMEM (ext. mem A)
constant ext_dmem_c : boolean := false; -- false: use proc-internal DMEM, true: use external simulated DMEM (ext. mem B)
constant imem_size_c : natural := 16*1024; -- size in bytes of processor-internal IMEM / external mem A
constant dmem_size_c : natural := 8*1024; -- size in bytes of processor-internal DMEM / external mem B
constant f_clock_c : natural := 100000000; -- main clock in Hz
constant baud0_rate_c : natural := 19200; -- simulation UART0 (primary UART) baud rate
constant baud1_rate_c : natural := 19200; -- simulation UART1 (secondary UART) baud rate
-- simulated external Wishbone memory A (can be used as external IMEM) --
constant ext_mem_a_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"00000000"; -- wishbone memory base address (external IMEM base)
constant ext_mem_a_size_c : natural := imem_size_c; -- wishbone memory size in bytes
constant ext_mem_a_latency_c : natural := 8; -- latency in clock cycles (min 1, max 255), plus 1 cycle initial delay
-- simulated external Wishbone memory B (can be used as external DMEM) --
constant ext_mem_b_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"80000000"; -- wishbone memory base address (external DMEM base)
constant ext_mem_b_size_c : natural := dmem_size_c; -- wishbone memory size in bytes
constant ext_mem_b_latency_c : natural := 8; -- latency in clock cycles (min 1, max 255), plus 1 cycle initial delay
-- simulated external Wishbone memory C (can be used to simulate external IO access) --
constant ext_mem_c_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"F0000000"; -- wishbone memory base address (default begin of EXTERNAL IO area)
constant ext_mem_c_size_c : natural := 64; -- wishbone memory size in bytes
constant ext_mem_c_latency_c : natural := 3; -- latency in clock cycles (min 1, max 255), plus 1 cycle initial delay
-- simulation interrupt trigger --
constant irq_trigger_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"FF000000";
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- internals - hands off! --
constant int_imem_c : boolean := not ext_imem_c;
constant int_dmem_c : boolean := not ext_dmem_c;
constant uart0_baud_val_c : real := real(f_clock_c) / real(baud0_rate_c);
constant uart1_baud_val_c : real := real(f_clock_c) / real(baud1_rate_c);
constant t_clock_c : time := (1 sec) / f_clock_c;
-- generators --
signal clk_gen, rst_gen : std_ulogic := '0';
-- uart --
signal uart0_txd : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
signal uart0_cts : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
signal uart1_txd : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
signal uart1_cts : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
-- gpio --
signal gpio : std_ulogic_vector(63 downto 0);
-- twi --
signal twi_scl, twi_sda : std_logic;
-- spi --
signal spi_data : std_ulogic;
-- irq --
signal msi_ring, mei_ring : std_ulogic;
-- Wishbone bus --
type wishbone_t is record
addr : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- address
wdata : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- master write data
rdata : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- master read data
we : std_ulogic; -- write enable
sel : std_ulogic_vector(03 downto 0); -- byte enable
stb : std_ulogic; -- strobe
cyc : std_ulogic; -- valid cycle
ack : std_ulogic; -- transfer acknowledge
err : std_ulogic; -- transfer error
tag : std_ulogic_vector(02 downto 0); -- request tag
lock : std_ulogic; -- exclusive access request
end record;
signal wb_cpu, wb_mem_a, wb_mem_b, wb_mem_c, wb_irq : wishbone_t;
-- Wishbone access latency type --
type ext_mem_read_latency_t is array (0 to 255) of std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
-- exclusive access / reservation --
signal ext_mem_c_atomic_reservation : std_ulogic := '0';
-- simulated external memory c (IO) --
signal ext_ram_c : mem32_t(0 to ext_mem_c_size_c/4-1); -- uninitialized, used to simulate external IO
-- simulated external memory bus feedback type --
type ext_mem_t is record
rdata : ext_mem_read_latency_t;
acc_en : std_ulogic;
ack : std_ulogic_vector(ext_mem_a_latency_c-1 downto 0);
end record;
signal ext_mem_a, ext_mem_b, ext_mem_c : ext_mem_t;
-- stream link interface - local echo --
signal slink_dat : sdata_8x32_t;
signal slink_val : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal slink_rdy : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal slink_transmitter_dat, slink_receiver_dat : sdata_8x32_t;
signal slink_transmitter_val, slink_receiver_val : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal slink_transmitter_rdy, slink_receiver_rdy : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
constant uart0_rx_logger : logger_t := get_logger("UART0.RX");
constant uart1_rx_logger : logger_t := get_logger("UART1.RX");
constant uart0_rx_handle : uart_rx_t := new_uart_rx(uart0_baud_val_c, uart0_rx_logger);
constant uart1_rx_handle : uart_rx_t := new_uart_rx(uart1_baud_val_c, uart1_rx_logger);
type axi_stream_master_vec_t is array(integer range <>) of axi_stream_master_t;
type axi_stream_slave_vec_t is array(integer range <>) of axi_stream_slave_t;
impure function init_slink_transmitters return axi_stream_master_vec_t is
variable result : axi_stream_master_vec_t(slink_transmitter_val'range);
begin
for idx in result'range loop
result(idx) := new_axi_stream_master(
data_length => slink_transmitter_dat(idx)'length,
stall_config => new_stall_config(0.05, 1, 10)
);
end loop;
return result;
end;
impure function init_slink_receivers return axi_stream_slave_vec_t is
variable result : axi_stream_slave_vec_t(slink_receiver_val'range);
begin
for idx in result'range loop
result(idx) := new_axi_stream_slave(
data_length => slink_receiver_dat(idx)'length,
stall_config => new_stall_config(0.05, 1, 10)
);
end loop;
return result;
end;
constant slink_transmitters : axi_stream_master_vec_t := init_slink_transmitters;
constant slink_receivers : axi_stream_slave_vec_t := init_slink_receivers;
begin
test_runner : process
variable msg : msg_t;
variable rnd : RandomPType;
variable value : std_logic_vector(slink_transmitter_dat(0)'range);
begin
test_runner_setup(runner, runner_cfg);
rnd.InitSeed(test_runner'path_name);
-- Show passing checks for UART0 on the display (stdout)
show(uart0_rx_logger, display_handler, pass);
show(uart1_rx_logger, display_handler, pass);
if ci_mode then
check_uart(net, uart0_rx_handle, nul & nul);
else
check_uart(net, uart0_rx_handle, "Blinking LED demo program" & cr & lf);
end if;
if ci_mode then
-- No need to send the full expectation in one big chunk
check_uart(net, uart1_rx_handle, nul & nul);
check_uart(net, uart1_rx_handle, "0/46" & cr & lf);
end if;
-- Apply some random data on each SLINK inputs and expect it to
-- be echoed by the CPU. No blocking. Let the SLINK transmitters
-- and receivers do this work in parallel.
for idx in slink_transmitters'range loop
for iter in 1 to 100 loop
value := rnd.RandSlv(value'length);
-- SLINK is AXI Stream compatible so the SLINK transmitters and
-- and receivers are AXI Stream master and slave verification components (VCs).
-- The full-featured AXI Stream verification component interface (VCI) is used
-- but the AXI stream VCs also implements the basic stream VCI which also works
-- for simple transactions like these. To use that interface for pushing data
-- the AXI Steam VC must be "cast" to a basic stream VC using "as_stream"
--
-- push_stream(net, as_stream(slink_transmitters(idx)), value);
push_axi_stream(net, slink_transmitters(idx), value);
check_axi_stream(net, slink_receivers(idx), value, blocking => false);
end loop;
end loop;
-- Wait until all expected data has been received
--
-- wait_until_idle can take the VC actor as argument but
-- the more abstract view is that wait_until_idle is part
-- of the sync VCI and to use it a VC must be cast
-- to a sync VC
wait_until_idle(net, as_sync(uart0_rx_handle));
wait_until_idle(net, as_sync(uart1_rx_handle));
for idx in slink_receivers'range loop
wait_until_idle(net, as_sync(slink_receivers(idx)));
end loop;
-- Wait a bit more if some extra unexpected data is produced. If so,
-- uart_rx will fail
wait for (20 * (1e9 / baud0_rate_c)) * ns;
test_runner_cleanup(runner);
end process;
-- In case we get stuck waiting there is a watchdog timeout to terminate and fail the
-- testbench
test_runner_watchdog(runner, 50 ms);
-- Clock/Reset Generator ------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
clk_gen <= not clk_gen after (t_clock_c/2);
rst_gen <= '0', '1' after 60*(t_clock_c/2);
-- The Core of the Problem ----------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
neorv32_top_inst: neorv32_top
generic map (
-- General --
CLOCK_FREQUENCY => f_clock_c, -- clock frequency of clk_i in Hz
HW_THREAD_ID => 0, -- hardware thread id (hartid) (32-bit)
INT_BOOTLOADER_EN => false, -- boot configuration: true = boot explicit bootloader; false = boot from int/ext (I)MEM
-- On-Chip Debugger (OCD) --
ON_CHIP_DEBUGGER_EN => true, -- implement on-chip debugger
-- RISC-V CPU Extensions --
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_A => true, -- implement atomic extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B => true, -- implement bit-manipulation extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_C => true, -- implement compressed extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_E => false, -- implement embedded RF extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M => true, -- implement muld/div extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_U => true, -- implement user mode extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zfinx => true, -- implement 32-bit floating-point extension (using INT reg!)
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zicsr => true, -- implement CSR system?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zicntr => true, -- implement base counters?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zihpm => true, -- implement hardware performance monitors?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zifencei => true, -- implement instruction stream sync.?
-- Extension Options --
FAST_MUL_EN => false, -- use DSPs for M extension's multiplier
FAST_SHIFT_EN => false, -- use barrel shifter for shift operations
CPU_CNT_WIDTH => 64, -- total width of CPU cycle and instret counters (0..64)
-- Physical Memory Protection (PMP) --
PMP_NUM_REGIONS => 8, -- number of regions (0..64)
PMP_MIN_GRANULARITY => 64*1024, -- minimal region granularity in bytes, has to be a power of 2, min 8 bytes
-- Hardware Performance Monitors (HPM) --
HPM_NUM_CNTS => 12, -- number of implemented HPM counters (0..29)
HPM_CNT_WIDTH => 40, -- total size of HPM counters (0..64)
-- Internal Instruction memory --
MEM_INT_IMEM_EN => int_imem_c , -- implement processor-internal instruction memory
MEM_INT_IMEM_SIZE => imem_size_c, -- size of processor-internal instruction memory in bytes
-- Internal Data memory --
MEM_INT_DMEM_EN => int_dmem_c, -- implement processor-internal data memory
MEM_INT_DMEM_SIZE => dmem_size_c, -- size of processor-internal data memory in bytes
-- Internal Cache memory --
ICACHE_EN => true, -- implement instruction cache
ICACHE_NUM_BLOCKS => 8, -- i-cache: number of blocks (min 2), has to be a power of 2
ICACHE_BLOCK_SIZE => 64, -- i-cache: block size in bytes (min 4), has to be a power of 2
ICACHE_ASSOCIATIVITY => 2, -- i-cache: associativity / number of sets (1=direct_mapped), has to be a power of 2
-- External memory interface --
MEM_EXT_EN => true, -- implement external memory bus interface?
MEM_EXT_TIMEOUT => 256, -- cycles after a pending bus access auto-terminates (0 = disabled)
-- Stream link interface --
SLINK_NUM_TX => 8, -- number of TX links (0..8)
SLINK_NUM_RX => 8, -- number of TX links (0..8)
SLINK_TX_FIFO => 4, -- TX fifo depth, has to be a power of two
SLINK_RX_FIFO => 1, -- RX fifo depth, has to be a power of two
-- External Interrupts Controller (XIRQ) --
XIRQ_NUM_CH => 32, -- number of external IRQ channels (0..32)
XIRQ_TRIGGER_TYPE => (others => '1'), -- trigger type: 0=level, 1=edge
XIRQ_TRIGGER_POLARITY => (others => '1'), -- trigger polarity: 0=low-level/falling-edge, 1=high-level/rising-edge
-- Processor peripherals --
IO_GPIO_EN => true, -- implement general purpose input/output port unit (GPIO)?
IO_MTIME_EN => true, -- implement machine system timer (MTIME)?
IO_UART0_EN => true, -- implement primary universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART0)?
IO_UART0_RX_FIFO => 32, -- RX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_UART0_TX_FIFO => 32, -- TX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_UART1_EN => true, -- implement secondary universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART1)?
IO_UART1_RX_FIFO => 1, -- RX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_UART1_TX_FIFO => 1, -- TX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_SPI_EN => true, -- implement serial peripheral interface (SPI)?
IO_TWI_EN => true, -- implement two-wire interface (TWI)?
IO_PWM_NUM_CH => 30, -- number of PWM channels to implement (0..60); 0 = disabled
IO_WDT_EN => true, -- implement watch dog timer (WDT)?
IO_TRNG_EN => false, -- trng cannot be simulated
IO_CFS_EN => true, -- implement custom functions subsystem (CFS)?
IO_CFS_CONFIG => (others => '0'), -- custom CFS configuration generic
IO_CFS_IN_SIZE => 32, -- size of CFS input conduit in bits
IO_CFS_OUT_SIZE => 32, -- size of CFS output conduit in bits
IO_NEOLED_EN => true, -- implement NeoPixel-compatible smart LED interface (NEOLED)?
IO_NEOLED_TX_FIFO => 8, -- NEOLED TX FIFO depth, 1..32k, has to be a power of two
IO_GPTMR_EN => true -- implement general purpose timer (GPTMR)?
)
port map (
-- Global control --
clk_i => clk_gen, -- global clock, rising edge
rstn_i => rst_gen, -- global reset, low-active, async
-- JTAG on-chip debugger interface (available if ON_CHIP_DEBUGGER_EN = true) --
jtag_trst_i => '1', -- low-active TAP reset (optional)
jtag_tck_i => '0', -- serial clock
jtag_tdi_i => '0', -- serial data input
jtag_tdo_o => open, -- serial data output
jtag_tms_i => '0', -- mode select
-- Wishbone bus interface (available if MEM_EXT_EN = true) --
wb_tag_o => wb_cpu.tag, -- request tag
wb_adr_o => wb_cpu.addr, -- address
wb_dat_i => wb_cpu.rdata, -- read data
wb_dat_o => wb_cpu.wdata, -- write data
wb_we_o => wb_cpu.we, -- read/write
wb_sel_o => wb_cpu.sel, -- byte enable
wb_stb_o => wb_cpu.stb, -- strobe
wb_cyc_o => wb_cpu.cyc, -- valid cycle
wb_lock_o => wb_cpu.lock, -- exclusive access request
wb_ack_i => wb_cpu.ack, -- transfer acknowledge
wb_err_i => wb_cpu.err, -- transfer error
-- Advanced memory control signals (available if MEM_EXT_EN = true) --
fence_o => open, -- indicates an executed FENCE operation
fencei_o => open, -- indicates an executed FENCEI operation
-- TX stream interfaces (available if SLINK_NUM_TX > 0) --
slink_tx_dat_o => slink_dat, -- output data
slink_tx_val_o => slink_val, -- valid output
slink_tx_rdy_i => slink_rdy, -- ready to send
-- RX stream interfaces (available if SLINK_NUM_RX > 0) --
slink_rx_dat_i => slink_dat, -- input data
slink_rx_val_i => slink_val, -- valid input
slink_rx_rdy_o => slink_rdy, -- ready to receive
-- GPIO (available if IO_GPIO_EN = true) --
gpio_o => gpio, -- parallel output
gpio_i => gpio, -- parallel input
-- primary UART0 (available if IO_UART0_EN = true) --
uart0_txd_o => uart0_txd, -- UART0 send data
uart0_rxd_i => uart0_txd, -- UART0 receive data
uart0_rts_o => uart0_cts, -- hw flow control: UART0.RX ready to receive ("RTR"), low-active, optional
uart0_cts_i => uart0_cts, -- hw flow control: UART0.TX allowed to transmit, low-active, optional
-- secondary UART1 (available if IO_UART1_EN = true) --
uart1_txd_o => uart1_txd, -- UART1 send data
uart1_rxd_i => uart1_txd, -- UART1 receive data
uart1_rts_o => uart1_cts, -- hw flow control: UART1.RX ready to receive ("RTR"), low-active, optional
uart1_cts_i => uart1_cts, -- hw flow control: UART1.TX allowed to transmit, low-active, optional
-- SPI (available if IO_SPI_EN = true) --
spi_sck_o => open, -- SPI serial clock
spi_sdo_o => spi_data, -- controller data out, peripheral data in
spi_sdi_i => spi_data, -- controller data in, peripheral data out
spi_csn_o => open, -- SPI CS
-- TWI (available if IO_TWI_EN = true) --
twi_sda_io => twi_sda, -- twi serial data line
twi_scl_io => twi_scl, -- twi serial clock line
-- PWM (available if IO_PWM_NUM_CH > 0) --
pwm_o => open, -- pwm channels
-- Custom Functions Subsystem IO --
cfs_in_i => (others => '0'), -- custom CFS inputs
cfs_out_o => open, -- custom CFS outputs
-- NeoPixel-compatible smart LED interface (available if IO_NEOLED_EN = true) --
neoled_o => open, -- async serial data line
-- System time --
mtime_i => (others => '0'), -- current system time from ext. MTIME (if IO_MTIME_EN = false)
mtime_o => open, -- current system time from int. MTIME (if IO_MTIME_EN = true)
-- External platform interrupts (available if XIRQ_NUM_CH > 0) --
xirq_i => gpio(31 downto 0), -- IRQ channels
-- CPU Interrupts --
mtime_irq_i => '0', -- machine software interrupt, available if IO_MTIME_EN = false
msw_irq_i => msi_ring, -- machine software interrupt
mext_irq_i => mei_ring -- machine external interrupt
);
-- TWI termination (pull-ups) --
twi_scl <= 'H';
twi_sda <= 'H';
uart0_checker: entity work.uart_rx
generic map (uart0_rx_handle)
port map (
clk => clk_gen,
uart_txd => uart0_txd);
uart1_checker: entity work.uart_rx
generic map (uart1_rx_handle)
port map (
clk => clk_gen,
uart_txd => uart1_txd);
slink_transmitters_gen: for idx in slink_transmitters'range generate
slink_transmitter : entity vunit_lib.axi_stream_master
generic map(
master => slink_transmitters(idx)
)
port map(
aclk => clk_gen,
tvalid => slink_transmitter_val(idx),
tready => slink_transmitter_rdy(idx),
std_ulogic_vector(tdata) => slink_transmitter_dat(idx)
);
end generate;
slink_receivers_gen: for idx in slink_receivers'range generate
begin
slink_receiver : entity vunit_lib.axi_stream_slave
generic map(
slave => slink_receivers(idx)
)
port map(
aclk => clk_gen,
tvalid => slink_receiver_val(idx),
tready => slink_receiver_rdy(idx),
tdata => std_logic_vector(slink_receiver_dat(idx))
);
end generate;
-- TODO: connect these to the CPU SLINK interface once the
-- loopback SW has been implemented
temporary_connection : for idx in slink_transmitters'range generate
slink_receiver_val(idx) <= slink_transmitter_val(idx);
slink_transmitter_rdy(idx) <= slink_receiver_rdy(idx);
slink_receiver_dat(idx) <= slink_transmitter_dat(idx);
end generate;
-- Wishbone Fabric ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- CPU broadcast signals --
wb_mem_a.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_mem_a.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_mem_a.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_mem_a.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_mem_a.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_mem_a.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
wb_mem_a.lock <= wb_cpu.lock;
wb_mem_b.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_mem_b.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_mem_b.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_mem_b.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_mem_b.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_mem_b.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
wb_mem_b.lock <= wb_cpu.lock;
wb_mem_c.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_mem_c.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_mem_c.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_mem_c.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_mem_c.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_mem_c.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
wb_mem_c.lock <= wb_cpu.lock;
wb_irq.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_irq.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_irq.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_irq.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_irq.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_irq.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
-- CPU read-back signals (no mux here since peripherals have "output gates") --
wb_cpu.rdata <= wb_mem_a.rdata or wb_mem_b.rdata or wb_mem_c.rdata or wb_irq.rdata;
wb_cpu.ack <= wb_mem_a.ack or wb_mem_b.ack or wb_mem_c.ack or wb_irq.ack;
wb_cpu.err <= wb_mem_a.err or wb_mem_b.err or wb_mem_c.err or wb_irq.err;
-- peripheral select via STROBE signal --
wb_mem_a.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr >= ext_mem_a_base_addr_c) and (wb_cpu.addr < std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(ext_mem_a_base_addr_c) + ext_mem_a_size_c)) else '0';
wb_mem_b.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr >= ext_mem_b_base_addr_c) and (wb_cpu.addr < std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(ext_mem_b_base_addr_c) + ext_mem_b_size_c)) else '0';
wb_mem_c.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr >= ext_mem_c_base_addr_c) and (wb_cpu.addr < std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(ext_mem_c_base_addr_c) + ext_mem_c_size_c)) else '0';
wb_irq.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr = irq_trigger_base_addr_c) else '0';
-- Wishbone Memory A (simulated external IMEM) --------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
generate_ext_imem:
if ext_imem_c generate
ext_mem_a_access: process(clk_gen)
variable ext_ram_a : mem32_t(0 to ext_mem_a_size_c/4-1) := mem32_init_f(application_init_image, ext_mem_a_size_c/4); -- initialized, used to simulate external IMEM
begin
if rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- control --
ext_mem_a.ack(0) <= wb_mem_a.cyc and wb_mem_a.stb; -- wishbone acknowledge
-- write access --
if ((wb_mem_a.cyc and wb_mem_a.stb and wb_mem_a.we) = '1') then -- valid write access
for i in 0 to 3 loop
if (wb_mem_a.sel(i) = '1') then
ext_ram_a(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_a.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_a_size_c/4)+1 downto 2))))(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8) := wb_mem_a.wdata(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8);
end if;
end loop; -- i
end if;
-- read access --
ext_mem_a.rdata(0) <= ext_ram_a(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_a.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_a_size_c/4)+1 downto 2)))); -- word aligned
-- virtual read and ack latency --
if (ext_mem_a_latency_c > 1) then
for i in 1 to ext_mem_a_latency_c-1 loop
ext_mem_a.rdata(i) <= ext_mem_a.rdata(i-1);
ext_mem_a.ack(i) <= ext_mem_a.ack(i-1) and wb_mem_a.cyc;
end loop;
end if;
-- bus output register --
wb_mem_a.err <= '0';
if (ext_mem_a.ack(ext_mem_a_latency_c-1) = '1') and (wb_mem_a.cyc = '1') and (wb_mem_a.ack = '0') then
wb_mem_a.rdata <= ext_mem_a.rdata(ext_mem_a_latency_c-1);
wb_mem_a.ack <= '1';
else
wb_mem_a.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_a.ack <= '0';
end if;
end if;
end process ext_mem_a_access;
end generate;
generate_ext_imem_false:
if (ext_imem_c = false) generate
wb_mem_a.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_a.ack <= '0';
wb_mem_a.err <= '0';
end generate;
-- Wishbone Memory B (simulated external DMEM) --------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ext_mem_b_access: process(clk_gen)
variable ext_ram_b : mem32_t(0 to ext_mem_b_size_c/4-1) := (others => (others => '0')); -- zero, used to simulate external DMEM
begin
if rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- control --
ext_mem_b.ack(0) <= wb_mem_b.cyc and wb_mem_b.stb; -- wishbone acknowledge
-- write access --
if ((wb_mem_b.cyc and wb_mem_b.stb and wb_mem_b.we) = '1') then -- valid write access
for i in 0 to 3 loop
if (wb_mem_b.sel(i) = '1') then
ext_ram_b(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_b.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_b_size_c/4)+1 downto 2))))(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8) := wb_mem_b.wdata(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8);
end if;
end loop; -- i
end if;
-- read access --
ext_mem_b.rdata(0) <= ext_ram_b(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_b.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_b_size_c/4)+1 downto 2)))); -- word aligned
-- virtual read and ack latency --
if (ext_mem_b_latency_c > 1) then
for i in 1 to ext_mem_b_latency_c-1 loop
ext_mem_b.rdata(i) <= ext_mem_b.rdata(i-1);
ext_mem_b.ack(i) <= ext_mem_b.ack(i-1) and wb_mem_b.cyc;
end loop;
end if;
-- bus output register --
wb_mem_b.err <= '0';
if (ext_mem_b.ack(ext_mem_b_latency_c-1) = '1') and (wb_mem_b.cyc = '1') and (wb_mem_b.ack = '0') then
wb_mem_b.rdata <= ext_mem_b.rdata(ext_mem_b_latency_c-1);
wb_mem_b.ack <= '1';
else
wb_mem_b.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_b.ack <= '0';
end if;
end if;
end process ext_mem_b_access;
-- Wishbone Memory C (simulated external IO) ----------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ext_mem_c_access: process(clk_gen)
begin
if rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- control --
ext_mem_c.ack(0) <= wb_mem_c.cyc and wb_mem_c.stb; -- wishbone acknowledge
-- write access --
if ((wb_mem_c.cyc and wb_mem_c.stb and wb_mem_c.we) = '1') then -- valid write access
for i in 0 to 3 loop
if (wb_mem_c.sel(i) = '1') then
ext_ram_c(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_c.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_c_size_c/4)+1 downto 2))))(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8) <= wb_mem_c.wdata(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8);
end if;
end loop; -- i
end if;
-- read access --
ext_mem_c.rdata(0) <= ext_ram_c(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_c.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_c_size_c/4)+1 downto 2)))); -- word aligned
-- virtual read and ack latency --
if (ext_mem_c_latency_c > 1) then
for i in 1 to ext_mem_c_latency_c-1 loop
ext_mem_c.rdata(i) <= ext_mem_c.rdata(i-1);
ext_mem_c.ack(i) <= ext_mem_c.ack(i-1) and wb_mem_c.cyc;
end loop;
end if;
-- EXCLUSIVE bus access -----------------------------------------------------
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Since there is only one CPU in this design, the exclusive access reservation in THIS memory CANNOT fail.
-- However, this memory module is used to simulated failing LR/SC accesses.
if ((wb_mem_c.cyc and wb_mem_c.stb) = '1') then -- valid access
ext_mem_c_atomic_reservation <= wb_mem_c.lock; -- make reservation
end if;
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- bus output register --
if (ext_mem_c.ack(ext_mem_c_latency_c-1) = '1') and (wb_mem_c.cyc = '1') and (wb_mem_c.ack = '0') then
wb_mem_c.rdata <= ext_mem_c.rdata(ext_mem_c_latency_c-1);
wb_mem_c.ack <= '1';
wb_mem_c.err <= ext_mem_c_atomic_reservation; -- issue a bus error if there is an exclusive access request
else
wb_mem_c.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_c.ack <= '0';
wb_mem_c.err <= '0';
end if;
end if;
end process ext_mem_c_access;
-- Wishbone IRQ Triggers ------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
irq_trigger: process(rst_gen, clk_gen)
begin
if (rst_gen = '0') then
msi_ring <= '0';
mei_ring <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- bus interface --
wb_irq.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_irq.ack <= wb_irq.cyc and wb_irq.stb and wb_irq.we and and_reduce_f(wb_irq.sel);
wb_irq.err <= '0';
-- trigger RISC-V platform IRQs --
if ((wb_irq.cyc and wb_irq.stb and wb_irq.we and and_reduce_f(wb_irq.sel)) = '1') then
msi_ring <= wb_irq.wdata(03); -- machine software interrupt
mei_ring <= wb_irq.wdata(11); -- machine software interrupt
end if;
end if;
end process irq_trigger;
end neorv32_tb_rtl;

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
from pathlib import Path
from vunit import VUnit, VUnitCLI
cli = VUnitCLI()
cli.parser.add_argument(
"--ci-mode",
action="store_true",
default=False,
help="Enable special settings used by the CI",
)
args = cli.parse_args()
PRJ = VUnit.from_args(args=args)
PRJ.add_com()
PRJ.add_verification_components()
PRJ.add_osvvm()
ROOT = Path(__file__).parent
NEORV32 = PRJ.add_library("neorv32")
NEORV32.add_source_files([
ROOT / "*.vhd",
ROOT / ".." / "rtl" / "**" / "*.vhd",
# In VUnit <=v4.5.0, the glob search is not recursive,
# hence subdir 'mem' is not picked by the previous pattern
ROOT / ".." / "rtl" / "core" / "mem" / "*.vhd"
])
NEORV32.test_bench("neorv32_tb").set_generic("ci_mode", args.ci_mode)
PRJ.set_sim_option("disable_ieee_warnings", True)
PRJ.set_sim_option("ghdl.sim_flags", ["--max-stack-alloc=256"])
PRJ.main()

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#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Abort if any command returns != 0
set -e
cd $(dirname "$0")
header() {
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------"
echo "> $@..."
echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------"
}
RISCV_PREFIX="${RISCV_PREFIX:-riscv32-unknown-elf-}"
header "Checking RISC-V GCC toolchain"
"$RISCV_PREFIX"gcc -v
header "Checking 'riscv-arch-test' GitHub repository (submodule)"
git submodule update --init
header "Copying neorv32 test-target into riscv-arch-test framework"
(
cd ../sw/isa-test
target_device='riscv-arch-test/riscv-target/neorv32'
if [ -d "$target_device" ]; then rm -rf "$target_device"; fi
cp -vr port-neorv32 "$target_device"
)
header "Making local copy of NEORV32 'rtl' and 'sim' folders"
export NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL=${NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL:-$(pwd)/work}
rm -rf "$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"
cp -r ../rtl "$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"
header "Starting RISC-V architecture tests"
./simple/ghdl.setup.sh
# work in progress FIXME
printf "\n\e[1;33mWARNING! 'rv32e/*' tests are work in progress! \e[0m\n\n"
makeArgs="-C $(pwd)/../sw/isa-test/riscv-arch-test NEORV32_ROOT=$(pwd)/.. XLEN=32 RISCV_TARGET=neorv32"
makeTargets='clean build run verify'
[ -n "$1" ] && SUITES="$@" || SUITES='I C M privilege Zifencei'
for suite in $SUITES; do
case "$suite" in
I) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=850us RISCV_DEVICE=I $makeTargets;;
C) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=400us RISCV_DEVICE=C $makeTargets;;
M) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=800us RISCV_DEVICE=M $makeTargets;;
privilege) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=200us RISCV_DEVICE=privilege $makeTargets;;
Zifencei) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=200us RISCV_DEVICE=Zifencei RISCV_TARGET_FLAGS=-DNEORV32_NO_DATA_INIT $makeTargets;;
rv32e_C) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=200us RISCV_DEVICE=../rv32e_unratified/C $makeTargets;;
rv32e_E) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=200us RISCV_DEVICE=../rv32e_unratified/E $makeTargets;;
rv32e_M) make --silent $makeArgs SIM_TIME=200us RISCV_DEVICE=../rv32e_unratified/M $makeTargets;;
esac
done
printf "\nRISC-V architecture tests completed successfully"

40
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e
cd $(dirname "$0")
echo "Tip: Compile application with USER_FLAGS+=-DUART[0/1]_SIM_MODE to auto-enable UART[0/1]'s simulation mode (redirect UART output to simulator console)."
# Prepare simulation output files for UART0 and UART 1
# - Testbench receiver log file (neorv32.testbench_uart?.out)
# - Direct simulation output (neorv32.uart?.sim_mode.[text|data].out)
for uart in 0 1; do
for item in \
testbench_uart"$uart" \
uart"$uart".sim_mode.text \
uart"$uart".sim_mode.data; do
touch neorv32."$item".out
chmod 777 neorv32."$item".out
done
done
GHDL="${GHDL:-ghdl}"
$GHDL -m --work=neorv32 --workdir=build neorv32_tb_simple
GHDL_RUN_ARGS="${@:---stop-time=10ms}"
echo "Using simulation runtime args: $GHDL_RUN_ARGS";
runcmd="$GHDL -r --work=neorv32 --workdir=build neorv32_tb_simple \
--max-stack-alloc=0 \
--ieee-asserts=disable \
--assert-level=error $GHDL_RUN_ARGS"
if [ -n "$GHDL_DEVNULL" ]; then
$runcmd >> /dev/null
else
$runcmd
fi
cat neorv32.uart0.sim_mode.text.out | grep "CPU TEST COMPLETED SUCCESSFULLY!"

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#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e
cd $(dirname "$0")
NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL=${NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL:-../../rtl}
mkdir -p build
ghdl -i --work=neorv32 --workdir=build \
"$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"/core/*.vhd \
"$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"/core/mem/*.vhd \
"$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"/processor_templates/*.vhd \
"$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"/system_integration/*.vhd \
"$NEORV32_LOCAL_RTL"/test_setups/*.vhd \
neorv32_tb.simple.vhd \
uart_rx.simple.vhd

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#!/usr/bin/env bash
# `GHDL` is used to check all VHDL files for syntax errors and to simulate the default testbench. The previously
# installed CPU test program is executed and the console output (UART0 primary UART) is dumped to a text file. After the
# simulation has finished, the text file is searched for a specific string. If the string is found, the CPU test was
# successful.
# Abort if any command returns != 0
set -e
cd $(dirname "$0")
./ghdl.setup.sh
./ghdl.run.sh

136
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-- #################################################################################################
-- # << NEORV32 - Processor-internal instruction memory (IMEM) >> #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # This version is intended for SIMULATION ONLY! #
-- # It implements the IMEM as pre-initialized RAM. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # BSD 3-Clause License #
-- # #
-- # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved. #
-- # #
-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are #
-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met: #
-- # #
-- # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer. #
-- # #
-- # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials #
-- # provided with the distribution. #
-- # #
-- # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to #
-- # endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written #
-- # permission. #
-- # #
-- # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS #
-- # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF #
-- # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE #
-- # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, #
-- # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #
-- # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED #
-- # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING #
-- # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED #
-- # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32 (c) Stephan Nolting #
-- #################################################################################################
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
library neorv32;
use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;
use neorv32.neorv32_application_image.all; -- this file is generated by the image generator
architecture neorv32_imem_rtl of neorv32_imem is
-- IO space: module base address --
constant hi_abb_c : natural := 31; -- high address boundary bit
constant lo_abb_c : natural := index_size_f(IMEM_SIZE); -- low address boundary bit
-- local signals --
signal acc_en : std_ulogic;
signal rdata : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
signal rden : std_ulogic;
signal addr : std_ulogic_vector(index_size_f(IMEM_SIZE/4)-1 downto 0);
-- ---------------------------------------------------- --
-- << SIMULATION ONLY!!! >> IMEM as pre-initialized RAM --
-- ---------------------------------------------------- --
-- application (image) size in bytes --
constant imem_app_size_c : natural := (application_init_image'length)*4;
-- RAM - initialized with executable code --
signal mem_ram : mem32_t(0 to IMEM_SIZE/4-1) := mem32_init_f(application_init_image, IMEM_SIZE/4);
-- read data --
signal mem_ram_rd : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
begin
-- Sanity Checks --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
assert false report "NEORV32 PROCESSOR CONFIG NOTE: Implementing processor-internal [SIM-only!] IMEM as RAM (" & natural'image(IMEM_SIZE) &
" bytes), pre-initialized with application (" & natural'image(imem_app_size_c) & " bytes)." severity note;
--
assert not (imem_app_size_c > IMEM_SIZE) report "NEORV32 PROCESSOR CONFIG ERROR: Application (image = " & natural'image(imem_app_size_c) &
" bytes) does not fit into processor-internal IMEM (" & natural'image(IMEM_SIZE) & " bytes)!" severity error;
-- Access Control -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
acc_en <= '1' when (addr_i(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c) = IMEM_BASE(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c)) else '0';
addr <= addr_i(index_size_f(IMEM_SIZE/4)+1 downto 2); -- word aligned
-- Implement IMEM as pre-initialized RAM --------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mem_access: process(clk_i)
begin
if rising_edge(clk_i) then
if (acc_en = '1') then
if (wren_i = '1') and (ben_i(0) = '1') then -- byte 0
mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(07 downto 00) <= data_i(07 downto 00);
else
mem_ram_rd(07 downto 00) <= mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(07 downto 00);
end if;
if (wren_i = '1') and (ben_i(1) = '1') then -- byte 1
mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(15 downto 08) <= data_i(15 downto 08);
else
mem_ram_rd(15 downto 08) <= mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(15 downto 08);
end if;
if (wren_i = '1') and (ben_i(2) = '1') then -- byte 2
mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(23 downto 16) <= data_i(23 downto 16);
else
mem_ram_rd(23 downto 16) <= mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(23 downto 16);
end if;
if (wren_i = '1') and (ben_i(3) = '1') then -- byte 3
mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(31 downto 24) <= data_i(31 downto 24);
else
mem_ram_rd(31 downto 24) <= mem_ram(to_integer(unsigned(addr)))(31 downto 24);
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process mem_access;
-- read data --
rdata <= mem_ram_rd;
-- Bus Feedback ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bus_feedback: process(clk_i)
begin
if rising_edge(clk_i) then
rden <= acc_en and rden_i;
ack_o <= acc_en and (rden_i or wren_i);
end if;
end process bus_feedback;
-- output gate --
data_o <= rdata when (rden = '1') else (others => '0');
end neorv32_imem_rtl;

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-- #################################################################################################
-- # << NEORV32 - Processor-internal instruction memory (IMEM) >> #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # This version is intended for SIMULATION ONLY! #
-- # It only allows an implementation as ROM and is initialized using "application_init_image". #
-- # Optimized for simulation to allow LARGE read-only IMEMs. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # BSD 3-Clause License #
-- # #
-- # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved. #
-- # #
-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are #
-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met: #
-- # #
-- # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer. #
-- # #
-- # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials #
-- # provided with the distribution. #
-- # #
-- # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to #
-- # endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written #
-- # permission. #
-- # #
-- # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS #
-- # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF #
-- # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE #
-- # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, #
-- # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #
-- # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED #
-- # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING #
-- # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED #
-- # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32 (c) Stephan Nolting #
-- #################################################################################################
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
library neorv32;
use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;
use neorv32.neorv32_application_image.all; -- this file is generated by the image generator
architecture neorv32_imem_rtl of neorv32_imem is
-- IO space: module base address --
constant hi_abb_c : natural := 31; -- high address boundary bit
constant lo_abb_c : natural := index_size_f(IMEM_SIZE); -- low address boundary bit
-- local signals --
signal acc_en : std_ulogic;
signal rdata : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
signal rden : std_ulogic;
signal addr : std_ulogic_vector(index_size_f(IMEM_SIZE/4)-1 downto 0);
begin
-- Sanity Checks --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
assert not (IMEM_AS_IROM = false) report "NEORV32 PROCESSOR CONFIG ERROR! Simulation-optimized IMEM can only be used as pre-initialized ROM!" severity error;
-- Access Control -------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
acc_en <= '1' when (addr_i(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c) = IMEM_BASE(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c)) else '0';
addr <= addr_i(index_size_f(IMEM_SIZE/4)+1 downto 2); -- word aligned
-- Memory Access --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
imem_file_access: process(clk_i)
variable addr_v : integer;
begin
if rising_edge(clk_i) then
rden <= acc_en and rden_i;
ack_o <= acc_en and (rden_i or wren_i);
if (acc_en = '1') then -- reduce switching activity when not accessed
addr_v := to_integer(unsigned(addr));
if (addr_v > application_init_image'length) then
rdata <= (others => '0');
else
rdata <= application_init_image(addr_v);
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process imem_file_access;
-- output gate --
data_o <= rdata when (rden = '1') else (others => '0');
end neorv32_imem_rtl;

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-- #################################################################################################
-- # << NEORV32 - Default Processor Testbench >> #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # The processor is configured to use a maximum of functional units (for testing purpose). #
-- # Use the "User Configuration" section to configure the testbench according to your needs. #
-- # See NEORV32 data sheet for more information. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # BSD 3-Clause License #
-- # #
-- # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved. #
-- # #
-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are #
-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met: #
-- # #
-- # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer. #
-- # #
-- # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of #
-- # conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials #
-- # provided with the distribution. #
-- # #
-- # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to #
-- # endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written #
-- # permission. #
-- # #
-- # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS #
-- # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF #
-- # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE #
-- # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, #
-- # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #
-- # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED #
-- # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING #
-- # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED #
-- # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. #
-- # ********************************************************************************************* #
-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32 (c) Stephan Nolting #
-- #################################################################################################
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
use ieee.math_real.all;
library neorv32;
use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;
use neorv32.neorv32_application_image.all; -- this file is generated by the image generator
use std.textio.all;
entity neorv32_tb_simple is
generic (
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_A : boolean := true;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B : boolean := true;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_C : boolean := true;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_E : boolean := false;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M : boolean := true;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_U : boolean := true;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zicsr : boolean := true;
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zifencei : boolean := true;
EXT_IMEM_C : boolean := false; -- false: use and boot from proc-internal IMEM, true: use and boot from external (initialized) simulated IMEM (ext. mem A)
MEM_INT_IMEM_SIZE : natural := 16*1024 -- size in bytes of processor-internal IMEM / external mem A
);
end neorv32_tb_simple;
architecture neorv32_tb_simple_rtl of neorv32_tb_simple is
-- User Configuration ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- general --
constant ext_dmem_c : boolean := false; -- false: use proc-internal DMEM, true: use external simulated DMEM (ext. mem B)
constant dmem_size_c : natural := 8*1024; -- size in bytes of processor-internal DMEM / external mem B
constant f_clock_c : natural := 100000000; -- main clock in Hz
constant baud0_rate_c : natural := 19200; -- simulation UART0 (primary UART) baud rate
constant baud1_rate_c : natural := 19200; -- simulation UART1 (secondary UART) baud rate
-- simulated external Wishbone memory A (can be used as external IMEM) --
constant ext_mem_a_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"00000000"; -- wishbone memory base address (external IMEM base)
constant ext_mem_a_size_c : natural := MEM_INT_IMEM_SIZE; -- wishbone memory size in bytes
constant ext_mem_a_latency_c : natural := 8; -- latency in clock cycles (min 1, max 255), plus 1 cycle initial delay
-- simulated external Wishbone memory B (can be used as external DMEM) --
constant ext_mem_b_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"80000000"; -- wishbone memory base address (external DMEM base)
constant ext_mem_b_size_c : natural := dmem_size_c; -- wishbone memory size in bytes
constant ext_mem_b_latency_c : natural := 8; -- latency in clock cycles (min 1, max 255), plus 1 cycle initial delay
-- simulated external Wishbone memory C (can be used to simulate external IO access) --
constant ext_mem_c_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"F0000000"; -- wishbone memory base address (default begin of EXTERNAL IO area)
constant ext_mem_c_size_c : natural := 64; -- wishbone memory size in bytes
constant ext_mem_c_latency_c : natural := 3; -- latency in clock cycles (min 1, max 255), plus 1 cycle initial delay
-- simulation interrupt trigger --
constant irq_trigger_base_addr_c : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"FF000000";
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- internals - hands off! --
constant int_imem_c : boolean := not EXT_IMEM_C;
constant int_dmem_c : boolean := not ext_dmem_c;
constant uart0_baud_val_c : real := real(f_clock_c) / real(baud0_rate_c);
constant uart1_baud_val_c : real := real(f_clock_c) / real(baud1_rate_c);
constant t_clock_c : time := (1 sec) / f_clock_c;
-- generators --
signal clk_gen, rst_gen : std_ulogic := '0';
-- text.io --
file file_uart0_tx_out : text open write_mode is "neorv32.testbench_uart0.out";
-- uart --
signal uart0_txd : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
signal uart0_cts : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
signal uart1_txd : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
signal uart1_cts : std_ulogic; -- local loop-back
-- gpio --
signal gpio : std_ulogic_vector(63 downto 0);
-- twi --
signal twi_scl, twi_sda : std_logic;
-- spi --
signal spi_data : std_ulogic;
-- irq --
signal msi_ring, mei_ring : std_ulogic;
-- Wishbone bus --
type wishbone_t is record
addr : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- address
wdata : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- master write data
rdata : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- master read data
we : std_ulogic; -- write enable
sel : std_ulogic_vector(03 downto 0); -- byte enable
stb : std_ulogic; -- strobe
cyc : std_ulogic; -- valid cycle
ack : std_ulogic; -- transfer acknowledge
err : std_ulogic; -- transfer error
tag : std_ulogic_vector(02 downto 0); -- request tag
lock : std_ulogic; -- exclusive access request
end record;
signal wb_cpu, wb_mem_a, wb_mem_b, wb_mem_c, wb_irq : wishbone_t;
-- Wishbone access latency type --
type ext_mem_read_latency_t is array (0 to 255) of std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
-- exclusive access / reservation --
signal ext_mem_c_atomic_reservation : std_ulogic := '0';
-- simulated external memory c (IO) --
signal ext_ram_c : mem32_t(0 to ext_mem_c_size_c/4-1); -- uninitialized, used to simulate external IO
-- simulated external memory bus feedback type --
type ext_mem_t is record
rdata : ext_mem_read_latency_t;
acc_en : std_ulogic;
ack : std_ulogic_vector(ext_mem_a_latency_c-1 downto 0);
end record;
signal ext_mem_a, ext_mem_b, ext_mem_c : ext_mem_t;
-- stream link interface - local echo --
signal slink_dat : sdata_8x32_t;
signal slink_val : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal slink_rdy : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
begin
-- Clock/Reset Generator ------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
clk_gen <= not clk_gen after (t_clock_c/2);
rst_gen <= '0', '1' after 60*(t_clock_c/2);
-- The Core of the Problem ----------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
neorv32_top_inst: neorv32_top
generic map (
-- General --
CLOCK_FREQUENCY => f_clock_c, -- clock frequency of clk_i in Hz
HW_THREAD_ID => 0, -- hardware thread id (hartid) (32-bit)
INT_BOOTLOADER_EN => false, -- boot configuration: true = boot explicit bootloader; false = boot from int/ext (I)MEM
-- On-Chip Debugger (OCD) --
ON_CHIP_DEBUGGER_EN => true, -- implement on-chip debugger
-- RISC-V CPU Extensions --
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_A => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_A, -- implement atomic extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B, -- implement bit-manipulation extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_C => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_C, -- implement compressed extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_E => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_E, -- implement embedded RF extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M, -- implement muld/div extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_U => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_U, -- implement user mode extension?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zfinx => true, -- implement 32-bit floating-point extension (using INT reg!)
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zicsr => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zicsr, -- implement CSR system?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zicntr => true, -- implement base counters?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zihpm => true, -- implement hardware performance monitors?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zifencei => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zifencei, -- implement instruction stream sync.?
CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zmmul => false, -- implement multiply-only M sub-extension?
-- Extension Options --
FAST_MUL_EN => false, -- use DSPs for M extension's multiplier
FAST_SHIFT_EN => false, -- use barrel shifter for shift operations
CPU_CNT_WIDTH => 64, -- total width of CPU cycle and instret counters (0..64)
-- Physical Memory Protection (PMP) --
PMP_NUM_REGIONS => 8, -- number of regions (0..64)
PMP_MIN_GRANULARITY => 64*1024, -- minimal region granularity in bytes, has to be a power of 2, min 8 bytes
-- Hardware Performance Monitors (HPM) --
HPM_NUM_CNTS => 12, -- number of implemented HPM counters (0..29)
HPM_CNT_WIDTH => 40, -- total size of HPM counters (0..64)
-- Internal Instruction memory --
MEM_INT_IMEM_EN => int_imem_c , -- implement processor-internal instruction memory
MEM_INT_IMEM_SIZE => MEM_INT_IMEM_SIZE, -- size of processor-internal instruction memory in bytes
-- Internal Data memory --
MEM_INT_DMEM_EN => int_dmem_c, -- implement processor-internal data memory
MEM_INT_DMEM_SIZE => dmem_size_c, -- size of processor-internal data memory in bytes
-- Internal Cache memory --
ICACHE_EN => true, -- implement instruction cache
ICACHE_NUM_BLOCKS => 8, -- i-cache: number of blocks (min 2), has to be a power of 2
ICACHE_BLOCK_SIZE => 64, -- i-cache: block size in bytes (min 4), has to be a power of 2
ICACHE_ASSOCIATIVITY => 2, -- i-cache: associativity / number of sets (1=direct_mapped), has to be a power of 2
-- External memory interface --
MEM_EXT_EN => true, -- implement external memory bus interface?
MEM_EXT_TIMEOUT => 256, -- cycles after a pending bus access auto-terminates (0 = disabled)
-- Stream link interface --
SLINK_NUM_TX => 8, -- number of TX links (0..8)
SLINK_NUM_RX => 8, -- number of TX links (0..8)
SLINK_TX_FIFO => 4, -- TX fifo depth, has to be a power of two
SLINK_RX_FIFO => 1, -- RX fifo depth, has to be a power of two
-- External Interrupts Controller (XIRQ) --
XIRQ_NUM_CH => 32, -- number of external IRQ channels (0..32)
XIRQ_TRIGGER_TYPE => (others => '1'), -- trigger type: 0=level, 1=edge
XIRQ_TRIGGER_POLARITY => (others => '1'), -- trigger polarity: 0=low-level/falling-edge, 1=high-level/rising-edge
-- Processor peripherals --
IO_GPIO_EN => true, -- implement general purpose input/output port unit (GPIO)?
IO_MTIME_EN => true, -- implement machine system timer (MTIME)?
IO_UART0_EN => true, -- implement primary universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART0)?
IO_UART0_RX_FIFO => 32, -- RX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_UART0_TX_FIFO => 32, -- TX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_UART1_EN => true, -- implement secondary universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART1)?
IO_UART1_RX_FIFO => 1, -- RX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_UART1_TX_FIFO => 1, -- TX fifo depth, has to be a power of two, min 1
IO_SPI_EN => true, -- implement serial peripheral interface (SPI)?
IO_TWI_EN => true, -- implement two-wire interface (TWI)?
IO_PWM_NUM_CH => 30, -- number of PWM channels to implement (0..60); 0 = disabled
IO_WDT_EN => true, -- implement watch dog timer (WDT)?
IO_TRNG_EN => false, -- trng cannot be simulated
IO_CFS_EN => true, -- implement custom functions subsystem (CFS)?
IO_CFS_CONFIG => (others => '0'), -- custom CFS configuration generic
IO_CFS_IN_SIZE => 32, -- size of CFS input conduit in bits
IO_CFS_OUT_SIZE => 32, -- size of CFS output conduit in bits
IO_NEOLED_EN => true, -- implement NeoPixel-compatible smart LED interface (NEOLED)?
IO_NEOLED_TX_FIFO => 8, -- NEOLED TX FIFO depth, 1..32k, has to be a power of two
IO_GPTMR_EN => true -- implement general purpose timer (GPTMR)?
)
port map (
-- Global control --
clk_i => clk_gen, -- global clock, rising edge
rstn_i => rst_gen, -- global reset, low-active, async
-- JTAG on-chip debugger interface (available if ON_CHIP_DEBUGGER_EN = true) --
jtag_trst_i => '1', -- low-active TAP reset (optional)
jtag_tck_i => '0', -- serial clock
jtag_tdi_i => '0', -- serial data input
jtag_tdo_o => open, -- serial data output
jtag_tms_i => '0', -- mode select
-- Wishbone bus interface (available if MEM_EXT_EN = true) --
wb_tag_o => wb_cpu.tag, -- request tag
wb_adr_o => wb_cpu.addr, -- address
wb_dat_i => wb_cpu.rdata, -- read data
wb_dat_o => wb_cpu.wdata, -- write data
wb_we_o => wb_cpu.we, -- read/write
wb_sel_o => wb_cpu.sel, -- byte enable
wb_stb_o => wb_cpu.stb, -- strobe
wb_cyc_o => wb_cpu.cyc, -- valid cycle
wb_lock_o => wb_cpu.lock, -- exclusive access request
wb_ack_i => wb_cpu.ack, -- transfer acknowledge
wb_err_i => wb_cpu.err, -- transfer error
-- Advanced memory control signals (available if MEM_EXT_EN = true) --
fence_o => open, -- indicates an executed FENCE operation
fencei_o => open, -- indicates an executed FENCEI operation
-- TX stream interfaces (available if SLINK_NUM_TX > 0) --
slink_tx_dat_o => slink_dat, -- output data
slink_tx_val_o => slink_val, -- valid output
slink_tx_rdy_i => slink_rdy, -- ready to send
-- RX stream interfaces (available if SLINK_NUM_RX > 0) --
slink_rx_dat_i => slink_dat, -- input data
slink_rx_val_i => slink_val, -- valid input
slink_rx_rdy_o => slink_rdy, -- ready to receive
-- GPIO (available if IO_GPIO_EN = true) --
gpio_o => gpio, -- parallel output
gpio_i => gpio, -- parallel input
-- primary UART0 (available if IO_UART0_EN = true) --
uart0_txd_o => uart0_txd, -- UART0 send data
uart0_rxd_i => uart0_txd, -- UART0 receive data
uart0_rts_o => uart0_cts, -- hw flow control: UART0.RX ready to receive ("RTR"), low-active, optional
uart0_cts_i => uart0_cts, -- hw flow control: UART0.TX allowed to transmit, low-active, optional
-- secondary UART1 (available if IO_UART1_EN = true) --
uart1_txd_o => uart1_txd, -- UART1 send data
uart1_rxd_i => uart1_txd, -- UART1 receive data
uart1_rts_o => uart1_cts, -- hw flow control: UART1.RX ready to receive ("RTR"), low-active, optional
uart1_cts_i => uart1_cts, -- hw flow control: UART1.TX allowed to transmit, low-active, optional
-- SPI (available if IO_SPI_EN = true) --
spi_sck_o => open, -- SPI serial clock
spi_sdo_o => spi_data, -- controller data out, peripheral data in
spi_sdi_i => spi_data, -- controller data in, peripheral data out
spi_csn_o => open, -- SPI CS
-- TWI (available if IO_TWI_EN = true) --
twi_sda_io => twi_sda, -- twi serial data line
twi_scl_io => twi_scl, -- twi serial clock line
-- PWM (available if IO_PWM_NUM_CH > 0) --
pwm_o => open, -- pwm channels
-- Custom Functions Subsystem IO --
cfs_in_i => (others => '0'), -- custom CFS inputs
cfs_out_o => open, -- custom CFS outputs
-- NeoPixel-compatible smart LED interface (available if IO_NEOLED_EN = true) --
neoled_o => open, -- async serial data line
-- System time --
mtime_i => (others => '0'), -- current system time from ext. MTIME (if IO_MTIME_EN = false)
mtime_o => open, -- current system time from int. MTIME (if IO_MTIME_EN = true)
-- External platform interrupts (available if XIRQ_NUM_CH > 0) --
xirq_i => gpio(31 downto 0), -- IRQ channels
-- CPU Interrupts --
mtime_irq_i => '0', -- machine software interrupt, available if IO_MTIME_EN = false
msw_irq_i => msi_ring, -- machine software interrupt
mext_irq_i => mei_ring -- machine external interrupt
);
-- TWI termination (pull-ups) --
twi_scl <= 'H';
twi_sda <= 'H';
-- UART Simulation Receiver ---------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
uart0_checker: entity work.uart_rx_simple
generic map (
name => "uart0",
uart_baud_val_c => uart0_baud_val_c
)
port map (
clk => clk_gen,
uart_txd => uart0_txd
);
uart1_checker: entity work.uart_rx_simple
generic map (
name => "uart1",
uart_baud_val_c => uart1_baud_val_c
)
port map (
clk => clk_gen,
uart_txd => uart1_txd
);
-- Wishbone Fabric ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- CPU broadcast signals --
wb_mem_a.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_mem_a.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_mem_a.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_mem_a.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_mem_a.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_mem_a.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
wb_mem_a.lock <= wb_cpu.lock;
wb_mem_b.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_mem_b.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_mem_b.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_mem_b.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_mem_b.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_mem_b.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
wb_mem_b.lock <= wb_cpu.lock;
wb_mem_c.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_mem_c.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_mem_c.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_mem_c.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_mem_c.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_mem_c.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
wb_mem_c.lock <= wb_cpu.lock;
wb_irq.addr <= wb_cpu.addr;
wb_irq.wdata <= wb_cpu.wdata;
wb_irq.we <= wb_cpu.we;
wb_irq.sel <= wb_cpu.sel;
wb_irq.tag <= wb_cpu.tag;
wb_irq.cyc <= wb_cpu.cyc;
-- CPU read-back signals (no mux here since peripherals have "output gates") --
wb_cpu.rdata <= wb_mem_a.rdata or wb_mem_b.rdata or wb_mem_c.rdata or wb_irq.rdata;
wb_cpu.ack <= wb_mem_a.ack or wb_mem_b.ack or wb_mem_c.ack or wb_irq.ack;
wb_cpu.err <= wb_mem_a.err or wb_mem_b.err or wb_mem_c.err or wb_irq.err;
-- peripheral select via STROBE signal --
wb_mem_a.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr >= ext_mem_a_base_addr_c) and (wb_cpu.addr < std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(ext_mem_a_base_addr_c) + ext_mem_a_size_c)) else '0';
wb_mem_b.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr >= ext_mem_b_base_addr_c) and (wb_cpu.addr < std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(ext_mem_b_base_addr_c) + ext_mem_b_size_c)) else '0';
wb_mem_c.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr >= ext_mem_c_base_addr_c) and (wb_cpu.addr < std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(ext_mem_c_base_addr_c) + ext_mem_c_size_c)) else '0';
wb_irq.stb <= wb_cpu.stb when (wb_cpu.addr = irq_trigger_base_addr_c) else '0';
-- Wishbone Memory A (simulated external IMEM) --------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
generate_ext_imem:
if (EXT_IMEM_C = true) generate
ext_mem_a_access: process(clk_gen)
variable ext_ram_a : mem32_t(0 to ext_mem_a_size_c/4-1) := mem32_init_f(application_init_image, ext_mem_a_size_c/4); -- initialized, used to simulate external IMEM
begin
if rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- control --
ext_mem_a.ack(0) <= wb_mem_a.cyc and wb_mem_a.stb; -- wishbone acknowledge
-- write access --
if ((wb_mem_a.cyc and wb_mem_a.stb and wb_mem_a.we) = '1') then -- valid write access
for i in 0 to 3 loop
if (wb_mem_a.sel(i) = '1') then
ext_ram_a(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_a.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_a_size_c/4)+1 downto 2))))(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8) := wb_mem_a.wdata(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8);
end if;
end loop; -- i
end if;
-- read access --
ext_mem_a.rdata(0) <= ext_ram_a(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_a.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_a_size_c/4)+1 downto 2)))); -- word aligned
-- virtual read and ack latency --
if (ext_mem_a_latency_c > 1) then
for i in 1 to ext_mem_a_latency_c-1 loop
ext_mem_a.rdata(i) <= ext_mem_a.rdata(i-1);
ext_mem_a.ack(i) <= ext_mem_a.ack(i-1) and wb_mem_a.cyc;
end loop;
end if;
-- bus output register --
wb_mem_a.err <= '0';
if (ext_mem_a.ack(ext_mem_a_latency_c-1) = '1') and (wb_mem_a.cyc = '1') and (wb_mem_a.ack = '0') then
wb_mem_a.rdata <= ext_mem_a.rdata(ext_mem_a_latency_c-1);
wb_mem_a.ack <= '1';
else
wb_mem_a.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_a.ack <= '0';
end if;
end if;
end process ext_mem_a_access;
end generate;
generate_ext_imem_false:
if (EXT_IMEM_C = false) generate
wb_mem_a.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_a.ack <= '0';
wb_mem_a.err <= '0';
end generate;
-- Wishbone Memory B (simulated external DMEM) --------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ext_mem_b_access: process(clk_gen)
variable ext_ram_b : mem32_t(0 to ext_mem_b_size_c/4-1) := (others => (others => '0')); -- zero, used to simulate external DMEM
begin
if rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- control --
ext_mem_b.ack(0) <= wb_mem_b.cyc and wb_mem_b.stb; -- wishbone acknowledge
-- write access --
if ((wb_mem_b.cyc and wb_mem_b.stb and wb_mem_b.we) = '1') then -- valid write access
for i in 0 to 3 loop
if (wb_mem_b.sel(i) = '1') then
ext_ram_b(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_b.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_b_size_c/4)+1 downto 2))))(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8) := wb_mem_b.wdata(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8);
end if;
end loop; -- i
end if;
-- read access --
ext_mem_b.rdata(0) <= ext_ram_b(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_b.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_b_size_c/4)+1 downto 2)))); -- word aligned
-- virtual read and ack latency --
if (ext_mem_b_latency_c > 1) then
for i in 1 to ext_mem_b_latency_c-1 loop
ext_mem_b.rdata(i) <= ext_mem_b.rdata(i-1);
ext_mem_b.ack(i) <= ext_mem_b.ack(i-1) and wb_mem_b.cyc;
end loop;
end if;
-- bus output register --
wb_mem_b.err <= '0';
if (ext_mem_b.ack(ext_mem_b_latency_c-1) = '1') and (wb_mem_b.cyc = '1') and (wb_mem_b.ack = '0') then
wb_mem_b.rdata <= ext_mem_b.rdata(ext_mem_b_latency_c-1);
wb_mem_b.ack <= '1';
else
wb_mem_b.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_b.ack <= '0';
end if;
end if;
end process ext_mem_b_access;
-- Wishbone Memory C (simulated external IO) ----------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ext_mem_c_access: process(clk_gen)
begin
if rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- control --
ext_mem_c.ack(0) <= wb_mem_c.cyc and wb_mem_c.stb; -- wishbone acknowledge
-- write access --
if ((wb_mem_c.cyc and wb_mem_c.stb and wb_mem_c.we) = '1') then -- valid write access
for i in 0 to 3 loop
if (wb_mem_c.sel(i) = '1') then
ext_ram_c(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_c.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_c_size_c/4)+1 downto 2))))(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8) <= wb_mem_c.wdata(7+i*8 downto 0+i*8);
end if;
end loop; -- i
end if;
-- read access --
ext_mem_c.rdata(0) <= ext_ram_c(to_integer(unsigned(wb_mem_c.addr(index_size_f(ext_mem_c_size_c/4)+1 downto 2)))); -- word aligned
-- virtual read and ack latency --
if (ext_mem_c_latency_c > 1) then
for i in 1 to ext_mem_c_latency_c-1 loop
ext_mem_c.rdata(i) <= ext_mem_c.rdata(i-1);
ext_mem_c.ack(i) <= ext_mem_c.ack(i-1) and wb_mem_c.cyc;
end loop;
end if;
-- EXCLUSIVE bus access -----------------------------------------------------
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Since there is only one CPU in this design, the exclusive access reservation in THIS memory CANNOT fail.
-- However, this memory module is used to simulated failing LR/SC accesses.
if ((wb_mem_c.cyc and wb_mem_c.stb) = '1') then -- valid access
ext_mem_c_atomic_reservation <= wb_mem_c.lock; -- make reservation
end if;
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- bus output register --
if (ext_mem_c.ack(ext_mem_c_latency_c-1) = '1') and (wb_mem_c.cyc = '1') and (wb_mem_c.ack = '0') then
wb_mem_c.rdata <= ext_mem_c.rdata(ext_mem_c_latency_c-1);
wb_mem_c.ack <= '1';
wb_mem_c.err <= ext_mem_c_atomic_reservation; -- issue a bus error if there is an exclusive access request
else
wb_mem_c.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_mem_c.ack <= '0';
wb_mem_c.err <= '0';
end if;
end if;
end process ext_mem_c_access;
-- Wishbone IRQ Triggers ------------------------------------------------------------------
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
irq_trigger: process(rst_gen, clk_gen)
begin
if (rst_gen = '0') then
msi_ring <= '0';
mei_ring <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(clk_gen) then
-- bus interface --
wb_irq.rdata <= (others => '0');
wb_irq.ack <= wb_irq.cyc and wb_irq.stb and wb_irq.we and and_reduce_f(wb_irq.sel);
wb_irq.err <= '0';
-- trigger RISC-V platform IRQs --
if ((wb_irq.cyc and wb_irq.stb and wb_irq.we and and_reduce_f(wb_irq.sel)) = '1') then
msi_ring <= wb_irq.wdata(03); -- machine software interrupt
mei_ring <= wb_irq.wdata(11); -- machine software interrupt
end if;
end if;
end process irq_trigger;
end neorv32_tb_simple_rtl;

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library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
use ieee.math_real.all;
use std.textio.all;
entity uart_rx_simple is
generic (
name : string;
uart_baud_val_c : real);
port (
clk : in std_ulogic;
uart_txd : in std_ulogic
);
end entity;
architecture a of uart_rx_simple is
signal uart_rx_sync : std_ulogic_vector(04 downto 0) := (others => '1');
signal uart_rx_busy : std_ulogic := '0';
signal uart_rx_sreg : std_ulogic_vector(08 downto 0) := (others => '0');
signal uart_rx_baud_cnt : real;
signal uart_rx_bitcnt : natural;
file file_uart_tx_out : text open write_mode is "neorv32.testbench_" & name & ".out";
begin
uart_rx_console : process(clk)
variable i : integer;
variable l : line;
begin
-- "UART" --
if rising_edge(clk) then
-- synchronizer --
uart_rx_sync <= uart_rx_sync(3 downto 0) & uart_txd;
-- arbiter --
if (uart_rx_busy = '0') then -- idle
uart_rx_busy <= '0';
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= round(0.5 * uart_baud_val_c);
uart_rx_bitcnt <= 9;
if (uart_rx_sync(4 downto 1) = "1100") then -- start bit? (falling edge)
uart_rx_busy <= '1';
end if;
else
if (uart_rx_baud_cnt <= 0.0) then
if (uart_rx_bitcnt = 1) then
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= round(0.5 * uart_baud_val_c);
else
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= round(uart_baud_val_c);
end if;
if (uart_rx_bitcnt = 0) then
uart_rx_busy <= '0'; -- done
i := to_integer(unsigned(uart_rx_sreg(8 downto 1)));
if (i < 32) or (i > 32+95) then -- printable char?
report name & ".tx: (" & integer'image(i) & ")"; -- print code
else
report name & ".tx: " & character'val(i); -- print ASCII
end if;
if (i = 10) then -- Linux line break
writeline(file_uart_tx_out, l);
elsif (i /= 13) then -- Remove additional carriage return
write(l, character'val(i));
end if;
else
uart_rx_sreg <= uart_rx_sync(4) & uart_rx_sreg(8 downto 1);
uart_rx_bitcnt <= uart_rx_bitcnt - 1;
end if;
else
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= uart_rx_baud_cnt - 1.0;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process uart_rx_console;
end architecture;

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library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
use ieee.math_real.all;
use std.textio.all;
library vunit_lib;
context vunit_lib.vunit_context;
context vunit_lib.com_context;
context vunit_lib.vc_context;
use work.uart_rx_pkg.all;
entity uart_rx is
generic (handle : uart_rx_t);
port (
clk : in std_ulogic;
uart_txd : in std_ulogic
);
end entity;
architecture a of uart_rx is
signal uart_rx_sync : std_ulogic_vector(04 downto 0) := (others => '1');
signal uart_rx_busy : std_ulogic := '0';
signal uart_rx_sreg : std_ulogic_vector(08 downto 0) := (others => '0');
signal uart_rx_baud_cnt : real;
signal uart_rx_bitcnt : natural;
file file_uart_tx_out : text open write_mode is "neorv32.testbench_" & get_name(handle.p_logger) & ".out";
constant checker : checker_t := new_checker(handle.p_logger);
constant character_queue : queue_t := new_queue;
begin
control : process
variable request_msg, reply_msg : msg_t;
variable msg_type : msg_type_t;
procedure put_characters_in_queue(s : string) is
begin
for idx in s'range loop
push(character_queue, s(idx));
end loop;
end procedure put_characters_in_queue;
begin
receive(net, handle.p_actor, request_msg);
msg_type := message_type(request_msg);
-- Standard handling of standard wait_for_time messages = wait for the given time
-- before proceeeding
handle_wait_for_time(net, msg_type, request_msg);
if msg_type = check_uart_msg then
put_characters_in_queue(pop(request_msg));
-- Custom handling of standard wait_until_idle message
elsif msg_type = wait_until_idle_msg then
while not is_empty(character_queue) loop
wait until rising_edge(clk);
end loop;
reply_msg := new_msg(wait_until_idle_reply_msg);
reply(net, request_msg, reply_msg);
else
unexpected_msg_type(msg_type);
end if;
end process;
uart_rx_console : process(clk)
variable i : integer;
variable l : line;
variable expected_character : character;
begin
-- "UART" --
if rising_edge(clk) then
-- synchronizer --
uart_rx_sync <= uart_rx_sync(3 downto 0) & uart_txd;
-- arbiter --
if (uart_rx_busy = '0') then -- idle
uart_rx_busy <= '0';
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= round(0.5 * handle.p_baud_val);
uart_rx_bitcnt <= 9;
if (uart_rx_sync(4 downto 1) = "1100") then -- start bit? (falling edge)
uart_rx_busy <= '1';
end if;
else
if (uart_rx_baud_cnt <= 0.0) then
if (uart_rx_bitcnt = 1) then
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= round(0.5 * handle.p_baud_val);
else
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= round(handle.p_baud_val);
end if;
if (uart_rx_bitcnt = 0) then
uart_rx_busy <= '0'; -- done
i := to_integer(unsigned(uart_rx_sreg(8 downto 1)));
if is_empty(character_queue) then
check_failed(checker, "Extra characters received");
else
expected_character := pop(character_queue);
check_equal(checker, character'val(i), expected_character);
end if;
if (i = 10) then -- Linux line break
writeline(file_uart_tx_out, l);
elsif (i /= 13) then -- Remove additional carriage return
write(l, character'val(i));
end if;
else
uart_rx_sreg <= uart_rx_sync(4) & uart_rx_sreg(8 downto 1);
uart_rx_bitcnt <= uart_rx_bitcnt - 1;
end if;
else
uart_rx_baud_cnt <= uart_rx_baud_cnt - 1.0;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process uart_rx_console;
end architecture;

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library vunit_lib;
context vunit_lib.vunit_context;
context vunit_lib.com_context;
use vunit_lib.sync_pkg.all;
package uart_rx_pkg is
constant check_uart_msg : msg_type_t := new_msg_type("check_uart");
type uart_rx_t is record
p_baud_val : real;
p_logger : logger_t;
p_actor : actor_t;
end record;
impure function new_uart_rx(
baud_val : real;
logger : logger_t := null_logger;
actor : actor_t := null_actor) return uart_rx_t;
function as_sync(handle : uart_rx_t) return sync_handle_t;
procedure check_uart(
signal net : inout network_t;
constant handle : in uart_rx_t;
constant data : in string);
end package uart_rx_pkg;
package body uart_rx_pkg is
constant uart_rx_logger : logger_t := get_logger("neorv32_lib:uart_rx_pkg");
impure function new_uart_rx(
baud_val : real;
logger : logger_t := null_logger;
actor : actor_t := null_actor) return uart_rx_t is
variable result : uart_rx_t;
begin
result.p_baud_val := baud_val;
result.p_logger := logger when logger /= null_logger else uart_rx_logger;
result.p_actor := actor when actor /= null_actor else new_actor;
return result;
end;
function as_sync(handle : uart_rx_t) return sync_handle_t is
begin
return handle.p_actor;
end;
procedure check_uart(
signal net : inout network_t;
constant handle : in uart_rx_t;
constant data : in string) is
variable msg : msg_t;
begin
msg := new_msg(check_uart_msg);
push(msg, data);
send(net, handle.p_actor, msg);
end;
end package body uart_rx_pkg;