262 lines
		
	
	
		
			12 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			ArmAsm
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			262 lines
		
	
	
		
			12 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			ArmAsm
		
	
	
	
	
	
/* ################################################################################################# */
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/* # << NEORV32 - crt0.S - Start-Up Code >>                                                        # */
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/* # ********************************************************************************************* # */
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/* # BSD 3-Clause License                                                                          # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                                     # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are          # */
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/* # permitted provided that the following conditions are met:                                     # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of        # */
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/* #    conditions and the following disclaimer.                                                   # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of     # */
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/* #    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials        # */
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/* #    provided with the distribution.                                                            # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to  # */
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/* #    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written      # */
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/* #    permission.                                                                                # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS   # */
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/* # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF               # */
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/* # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE    # */
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/* # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,     # */
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/* # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE # */
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/* # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED    # */
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/* # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING     # */
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/* # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  # */
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/* # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.                                                            # */
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/* # ********************************************************************************************* # */
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/* # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              (c) Stephan Nolting # */
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/* ################################################################################################# */
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.file	"crt0.S"
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.section .text.boot
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.balign 4
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.global _start
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_start:
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.cfi_startproc
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.cfi_undefined ra
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// This is the very first instruction that is executed after hardware reset. It ensures that x0 is
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// written at least once - the CPU HW will ensure it is always set to zero on any write access.
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// ************************************************************************************************
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  lui zero, 0 // "dummy" instruction that uses no reg-file input operands at all
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Setup pointers using linker script symbols
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_pointer_init:
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  .option push
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  .option norelax
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  la sp, __crt0_stack_begin // stack pointer
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  la gp, __global_pointer$  // global pointer
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  .option pop
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Setup CPU core CSRs (some of them DO NOT have a dedicated
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// reset and need to be explicitly initialized)
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_cpu_csr_init:
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  la   x10,   __crt0_dummy_trap_handler // configure early trap handler
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  csrw mtvec, x10
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  csrw mepc,  x10                       // just to init mepc
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  csrw mstatus, zero                    // disable global IRQ
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  csrw mie, zero                        // absolutely no interrupts sources, thanks
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  csrw mcounteren, zero                 // no access from less-privileged modes to counter CSRs
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  li   x11,   ~5                        // stop all counters except for [m]cycle[h] and [m]instret[h]
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  csrw 0x320, x11                       // = mcountinhibit (literal address for lagacy toolchain compatibility)
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  csrw mcycle,    zero                  // reset cycle counters
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  csrw mcycleh,   zero
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  csrw minstret,  zero                  // reset instruction counters
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  csrw minstreth, zero
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Initialize integer register file (lower half)
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_reg_file_clear:
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//addi  x0, x0, 0 // hardwired to zero
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  addi  x1, x0, 0
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//addi  x2, x0, 0 // stack pointer sp
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//addi  x3, x0, 0 // global pointer gp
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  addi  x4, x0, 0
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  addi  x5, x0, 0
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  addi  x6, x0, 0
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  addi  x7, x0, 0
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//addi  x8, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
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//addi  x9, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
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//addi x10, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
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//addi x11, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
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//addi x12, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
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//addi x13, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
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  addi x14, x0, 0
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  addi x15, x0, 0
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Initialize integer register file (upper half, if no E extension)
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// ************************************************************************************************
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#ifndef __riscv_32e
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// do not do this if compiling bootloader (to save some program space)
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#ifndef make_bootloader
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  addi x16, x0, 0
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  addi x17, x0, 0
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  addi x18, x0, 0
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  addi x19, x0, 0
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  addi x20, x0, 0
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  addi x21, x0, 0
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  addi x22, x0, 0
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  addi x23, x0, 0
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  addi x24, x0, 0
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  addi x25, x0, 0
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  addi x26, x0, 0
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  addi x27, x0, 0
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  addi x28, x0, 0
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  addi x29, x0, 0
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  addi x30, x0, 0
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  addi x31, x0, 0
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#endif
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#endif
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Reset/deactivate IO/peripheral devices
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// Devices, that are not implemented, will cause a store bus access fault
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// which is captured (but actually ignored) by the dummy trap handler.
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_reset_io:
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  la   x8,   __ctr0_io_space_begin         // start of processor-internal IO region
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  la   x9,   __ctr0_io_space_end           // end of processor-internal IO region
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__crt0_reset_io_loop:
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  sw   zero, 0(x8)
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  addi x8,   x8, 4
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  bne  x8,   x9, __crt0_reset_io_loop
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Clear .bss section (byte-wise) using linker script symbols
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_clear_bss:
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  la   x11,  __crt0_bss_start
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  la   x12,  __crt0_bss_end
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__crt0_clear_bss_loop:
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  bge  x11,  x12, __crt0_clear_bss_loop_end
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  sb   zero, 0(x11)
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  addi x11,  x11, 1
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  j    __crt0_clear_bss_loop
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__crt0_clear_bss_loop_end:
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Copy initialized .data section from ROM to RAM (byte-wise) using linker script symbols
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_copy_data:
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  la   x11, __crt0_copy_data_src_begin        // start of data area (copy source)
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  la   x12, __crt0_copy_data_dst_begin        // start of data area (copy destination)
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  la   x13, __crt0_copy_data_dst_end          // last address of destination data area
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__crt0_copy_data_loop:
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  bge  x12, x13,  __crt0_copy_data_loop_end
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  lb   x14, 0(x11)
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  sb   x14, 0(x12)
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  addi x11, x11, 1
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  addi x12, x12, 1
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  j    __crt0_copy_data_loop
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__crt0_copy_data_loop_end:
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// Setup arguments and call main function
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_main_entry:
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  addi x10, zero, 0 // a0 = argc = 0
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  addi x11, zero, 0 // a1 = argv = 0
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  jal  ra,  main    // call actual app's main function, this "should" not return
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// call "after main" handler (if there is any) if main really returns
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_main_aftermath:
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  csrw  mscratch, a0                 // copy main's return code in mscratch for debugger
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#ifndef make_bootloader              // after_main handler not supported for bootloader
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  .weak __neorv32_crt0_after_main
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  la   ra, __neorv32_crt0_after_main
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  beqz ra, __crt0_main_aftermath_end // check if an aftermath handler has been specified
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  jalr ra                            // execute handler, main's return code in a0
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#endif
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// go to endless sleep mode
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// ************************************************************************************************
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__crt0_main_aftermath_end:
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  csrci mstatus, 8                   // mstatus: disable global IRQs (mstatus.mie)
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__crt0_main_aftermath_end_loop:
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  wfi                                // try to go to sleep mode
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  j __crt0_main_aftermath_end_loop   // endless loop
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// ************************************************************************************************
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// dummy trap handler (for exceptions & IRQs during very early boot stage)
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// does nothing but tries to move on to next instruction
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// ************************************************************************************************
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.balign 4
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__crt0_dummy_trap_handler:
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  addi	sp,   sp, -8
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  sw	  x8,   0(sp)
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  sw	  x9,   4(sp)
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  csrr  x8,   mcause
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  blt   x8,   zero, __crt0_dummy_trap_handler_irq  // skip mepc modification if interrupt
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  csrr  x8,   mepc
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__crt0_dummy_trap_handler_exc_c_check:             // is compressed instruction?
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  lh    x9,   0(x8)                                // get compressed instruction or lower 16 bits of uncompressed instruction that caused exception
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  andi  x9,   x9, 3                                // mask: isolate lowest 2 opcode bits (= 11 for uncompressed instructions)
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  addi  x8,   x8, +2                               // only this for compressed instructions
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  csrw  mepc, x8                                   // set return address when compressed instruction
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  addi  x8,   zero, 3
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  bne   x8,   x9, __crt0_dummy_trap_handler_irq    // jump if compressed instruction
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__crt0_dummy_trap_handler_exc_uncrompressed:       // is uncompressed instruction!
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  csrr  x8,   mepc
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  addi  x8,   x8, +2                               // add another 2 (making +4) for uncompressed instructions
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  csrw  mepc, x8
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__crt0_dummy_trap_handler_irq:
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  lw    x8,   0(sp)
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  lw    x9,   4(sp)
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  addi  sp,   sp, +8
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  mret
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.cfi_endproc
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.end
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