added final exam

README.md

@@ -17,12 +17,22 @@
     * [Lesson 5 - Advanced lists and High order functions](#lesson-5---advanced-lists-and-high-order-functions)
     * [Midterm preparation](#midterm-preparation)
     * [Midterm](#midterm)
+    * [Lesson 6 - Tuples and comprehensions](#lesson-6---tuples-and-comprehensions)
+    * [Lesson 7 - Advanced typing and infinite lists](#lesson-7---advanced-typing-and-infinite-lists)
+    * [Lesson 8 - Futures and parallel collections](#lesson-8---futures-and-parallel-collections)
+    * [Lesson 9 - DSLs](#lesson-9---dsls)
+    * [Final preparation](#final-exam-preparation)
+    * [Final](#final-exam)
   * [Assignments](#assignments)
     * [Assignment 1 - Square root](#assignment-1---square-root)
     * [Assignment 2 - Map-reduce](#assignment-2---map-reduce)
     * [Assignment 3 - Binary tree](#assignment-3---binary-tree)
     * [Assignment 4 - Lists and pattern matching](#assignment-4---lists-and-pattern-matching)
     * [Assignment 5 - High-order functions on lists](#assignment-5---high-order-functions-on-lists)
+    * [Assignment 6 - Sequence comprehension and tuples](#assignment-6---sequence-comprehension-and-tuples)
+    * [Assignment 7 - Advanced typing and infinite lists](#assignment-7---advanced-typing-and-infinite-lists)
+    * [Assignment 8 - Advanced typing and infinite lists](#assignment-8---advanced-typing-and-infinite-lists)
+    * [Assignment 9 - DSLs](#assignment-9---dsls)
 <!-- TOC -->
 
 
@@ -79,6 +89,23 @@
 - Variance, covariance and contra-variance
 - Infinite sequences
 
+### Lesson 8 - Futures and parallel collections
+[Files](src/Lesson8)
+- Futures
+- Actors
+- Parallel collections
+
+### Lesson 9 - DSLs
+[Files](src/Lesson9)
+- DSL
+
+### Final exam preparation
+[Files](src/FinalPrep1)
+
+### Final exam
+[Files](src/Final1)
+
+
 ## Assignments
 
 ### Assignment 1 - Square root
@@ -118,3 +145,17 @@
 [Files](src/Assignment6)
 - Tuples
 - `for` comprehension
+
+### Assignment 7 - Advanced typing and infinite lists
+[Files](src/Assignment7)
+- Genericity
+- Infinite lazy lists
+
+### Assignment 8 - Advanced typing and infinite lists
+[Files](src/Assignment8)
+- Parallel collections
+- Futures
+
+### Assignment 9 - DSLs
+[Files](src/Assignment9)
+- DSL

src/Assignment8/Ex1.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package Assignment8
+
+import utils.timeVerbose
+
+import scala.collection.parallel.CollectionConverters._
+
+object Ex1 extends App {
+  def integrate(a: Double, b: Double, nIntervals: Int, f: (Double => Double)): Double = {
+    val dx: Double = (b - a) / nIntervals
+    //val y: Double = (1 until nIntervals).map(i => f(i * dx + a)).sum
+    //val y: Double = (1 until nIntervals).view.map(i => f(i * dx + a)).sum
+    val y: Double = (1 until nIntervals).par.map(i => f(i * dx + a)).sum
+    return (2 * y + f(a) + f(b)) * dx / 2
+  }
+
+  println(integrate(1, 2, 500, math.sin))
+
+  println(integrate(0, 1, 500, math.sin _ compose math.cos))
+
+  timeVerbose {
+    val i = integrate(0, 1, math.pow(20, 6).toInt, math.sin)
+  }
+}
+

src/Assignment8/Ex2.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package Assignment8
+
+import net.liftweb.json
+import net.liftweb.json.DefaultFormats
+
+import java.net.URI
+import scala.concurrent.duration.Duration
+import scala.concurrent.{Await, Future}
+import scala.sys.process._
+import scala.util.{Failure, Success}
+
+object Ex2 extends App {
+  implicit val ec: scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext = scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.global
+  implicit val formats: DefaultFormats.type = DefaultFormats
+
+  case class Coin(id: String, icon: String, name: String, symbol: String, rank: Int, price: Double, priceBtc: Double, volume: Double, marketCap: Double, availableSupply: Double, totalSupply: Double, fullyDilutedValuation: Double, priceChange1h: Double, priceChange1d: Double, priceChange1w: Double, redditUrl: String, websiteUrl: String, twitterUrl: String, explorers: List[String])
+  case class Currency(name: String, rate: Double, symbol: String, imageUrl: String)
+
+  val BITCOIN_TO_USD: String = "https://openapiv1.coinstats.app/coins/bitcoin"
+  val USD_TO_CHF: String = "https://openapiv1.coinstats.app/fiats"
+  private val API_KEY: String = sys.env.getOrElse("OPENAPI_KEY", "")
+
+  def getUrl(url: String): Future[String] = {
+    Future {
+      val uri: URI = new URI(url)
+      val cmd: String = "curl -s -H 'X-API-KEY: " + API_KEY + "' " + uri.toString
+      cmd.!!
+    }
+  }
+
+  def extractBitcoinToUSDRate(jsonStr: String): Double = {
+    val data: Coin = json.parse(jsonStr).extract[Coin]
+    return data.price
+  }
+
+  def extractUSDToCHFRate(jsonStr: String): Double = {
+    val data: List[Currency] = json.parse(jsonStr).extract[List[Currency]]
+    return data.find(currency => currency.name == "CHF")
+               .map(currency => currency.rate)
+               .get
+  }
+
+  def getBitcoinToUSD: Future[Double] = {
+    getUrl(BITCOIN_TO_USD) map extractBitcoinToUSDRate
+  }
+
+  def getUSDToCHF: Future[Double] = {
+    getUrl(USD_TO_CHF) map extractUSDToCHFRate
+  }
+
+  val f: Future[Double] = for {
+    btc2usd <- getBitcoinToUSD
+    usd2chf <- getUSDToCHF
+  } yield btc2usd * usd2chf
+
+  f onComplete {
+    case Success(value) => println(s"1 BTC == $value CHF")
+    case Failure(e) => println(s"An error occurred: $e")
+  }
+
+  Await.ready(f, Duration.Inf)
+}

src/Assignment9/Assignment9.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import Assignment9.Kelvin.kel2cel
+
+import scala.language.implicitConversions
+
+
+package object Assignment9 {
+  sealed trait Temperature {
+  }
+
+  object Temperature {
+    implicit def cel2kel(celsius: Celsius): Kelvin = new Kelvin(celsius.value + 273.15)
+    implicit def kel2cel(kelvin: Kelvin): Celsius = new Celsius(kelvin.value - 273.15)
+  }
+
+  case class Celsius(value: Double) extends Temperature {
+    override def toString: String = s"$value°C"
+  }
+  object Celsius {
+    implicit def val2cel(value: Double): Celsius = new Celsius(value)
+  }
+
+  case class Kelvin(value: Double) extends Temperature {
+    override def toString: String = s"$value K"
+  }
+  object Kelvin {
+    implicit def kel2cel(value: Double): Kelvin = new Kelvin(value)
+
+  }
+}

src/Assignment9/Ex1.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package Assignment9
+
+import scala.language.implicitConversions
+
+object Ex1 extends App {
+  val a: Celsius = 30
+  val b: Kelvin = 30
+  val c: Kelvin = Celsius(10)
+  val d: Celsius = c
+  val e: Temperature = d
+
+  println(a) // Should print "30°C"
+  println(b) // Should print "30 K"
+
+  println()
+}

src/Final1/Exercise1.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package exercises
+
+object Exercise1 extends App {
+  def dup[A](r: List[Int], l: List[A]): List[A] = {
+    r.zip(l).flatMap(p => {
+      List.fill(p._1)(p._2)
+    })
+  }
+
+  def removeDup[A](l: List[A]): List[A] = {
+    l match {
+      case head::tail => {
+        head::removeDup(tail.filterNot(e => e == head))
+      }
+      case _ => l
+    }
+  }
+
+  def zip[A, B](first: List[A], second: List[B]): List[(A, B)] = {
+    first match {
+      case head1::tail1 => {
+        second match {
+          case head2::tail2 => {
+            (head1, head2)::zip(tail1, tail2)
+          }
+          case _ => Nil
+        }
+      }
+      case _ => Nil
+    }
+  }
+
+  def zipWith[A, B, C](xs: List[A], ys: List[B])(f: (A, B) => C): List[C] = {
+    zip(xs, ys).map((p: (A, B)) => f(p._1, p._2))
+  }
+}

src/Final1/Exercise2.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package exercises
+
+object Exercise2 extends App {
+  def gen(charSet: String, length: Int): List[String] = {
+    if (length <= 0) List("")
+    else charSet.toList.flatMap(c => {
+      gen(charSet, length - 1).map(pwd => c.toString + pwd)
+    })
+  }
+}

src/Final1/Exercise3.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package exercises
+
+object Exercise3 extends App {
+  sealed abstract class Tree {
+    def isMirrorOf(other: Tree): Boolean
+    def isSymmetric(): Boolean
+    def computeDepth(): Int = {
+      this match {
+        case Empty => 1
+        case Node(left, _, right) => 1 + Math.max(left.computeDepth(), right.computeDepth())
+      }
+    }
+    def traverseBreadthFirst(): List[Int] = {
+      val depth: Int = computeDepth()
+      // Construct list of levels
+      def helper(tree: Tree, curDepth: Int = 0): List[List[Int]] = {
+        tree match {
+          // Add empty levels for consistent indices
+          case Empty => List.fill(depth - curDepth)(List.empty[Int])
+          case Node(left, elem, right) => {
+            val leftList: List[List[Int]] = helper(left, curDepth + 1)
+            val rightList: List[List[Int]] = helper(right, curDepth + 1)
+            val res: List[List[Int]] = (0 until depth - curDepth - 1).map(i => {
+              leftList(i) ::: rightList(i)
+            }).toList
+
+            // Add this level
+            List(elem)::res
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      helper(this).flatten
+    }
+  }
+
+  case class Node(left: Tree, elem: Int, right: Tree) extends Tree {
+    def isMirrorOf(other: Tree): Boolean = {
+      other match {
+        case Node(left2, _, right2) => (left isMirrorOf right2) && (right isMirrorOf left2)
+        case _ => false
+      }
+    }
+    def isSymmetric: Boolean = left isMirrorOf right
+  }
+
+  case object Empty extends Tree {
+    def isMirrorOf(other: Tree): Boolean = {
+      other match {
+        case Empty => true
+        case _ => false
+      }
+    }
+    def isSymmetric: Boolean = true
+  }
+}

src/FinalPrep1/Ex1.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+def insertion[T](x: T, xs: List[T]): List[List[T]] = {
+  return (0 to xs.length).map((i: Int) => {
+    val p = xs.splitAt(i)
+    p._1 ::: (x :: p._2)
+  }).toList
+
+  def buildInsertions(x: T, xs: List[T], before: List[T]): List[List[T]] = {
+    xs match {
+      case Nil => (before :+ x) :: Nil
+      case head::tail => (before ::: (x :: xs)) :: buildInsertions(x, tail, before :+ head)
+    }
+  }
+  buildInsertions(x, xs, Nil)
+}
+
+insertion(1, List(2,3,4))
+
+def permutation[T](xs: List[T]): List[List[T]] = {
+  xs match {
+    case head::tail => permutation(tail) flatMap (perm => insertion(head, perm))
+    case _ => List(xs)
+  }
+}
+
+
+permutation(List(1,2,3))

src/FinalPrep1/Ex2.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import scala.math.{ceil, min, sqrt}
+
+def fourSquares(n: Int): List[Tuple4[Int, Int, Int, Int]] = {
+  val tups = for (
+    d: Int <- ceil(sqrt(n)).toInt to 0 by -1;
+    c: Int <- min(d, ceil(sqrt(n - d*d))).toInt to 0 by -1;
+    b: Int <- min(c, ceil(sqrt(n - d*d - c*c))).toInt to 0 by -1;
+    a: Int <- min(b, ceil(sqrt(n - d*d - c*c - b*b))).toInt to 0 by -1
+    if (a*a + b*b + c*c + d*d == n)
+  ) yield Tuple4(a, b, c, d)
+
+  tups.toList
+}
+
+fourSquares(0)  // List(Tuple4(0, 0, 0, 0))
+fourSquares(3)  // List(Tuple4(0, 1, 1, 1))
+fourSquares(15)  // List(Tuple(1, 1, 2, 3))
+fourSquares(88)  // List(Tuple4(0, 4, 6, 6), Tuple4(2, 2, 4, 8))

src/FinalPrep1/Ex3.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+sealed abstract class Tree {
+  // Additional
+  def toTree(indent: String = ""): String = indent
+  // End
+  def eval(): Double = {
+    this match {
+      case Sum(l, r) => l.eval() + r.eval()
+      case Var(n) => throw new RuntimeException("Cannot evaluate " + this)
+      case Const(v) => v
+      case Power(x, y) => Math.pow(x.eval(), y.eval())
+      case Product(x, y) => x.eval() * y.eval()
+    }
+  }
+  def simplify(): Tree = {
+    this match {
+      case Sum(Const(v1), Const(v2)) => Const(v1 + v2)
+      case Sum(l, r) if l == r => Product(Const(2), l)
+      case Product(_, Const(0)) | Product(Const(0), _) => Const(0)
+      case Product(v, Const(1)) => v
+      case Product(Const(1), v) => v
+      case Product(Const(v1), Const(v2)) => Const(v1 * v2)
+
+      // Additional
+      case Sum(l, Const(0)) => l
+      case Sum(Const(0), r) => r
+      case Product(l, c: Const) => Product(c, l)
+      case Product(Const(v1), Product(Const(v2), r)) => Product(Const(v1 * v2), r)
+      case Product(Product(Const(v1), l), Const(v2)) => Product(Const(v1 * v2), l)
+      case Product(Product(Const(v1), l), Product(Const(v2), r)) => Product(Const(v1 * v2), Product(l, r))
+      // End
+
+      case Power(_, Const(0)) => Const(1)
+      case Power(v, Const(1)) => v
+      case _ => this
+    }
+  }
+  def fullSimplify(): Tree = {
+    (this match {
+      case Sum(l, r) => Sum(l.fullSimplify(), r.fullSimplify())
+      case Power(x, y) => Power(x.fullSimplify(), y.fullSimplify())
+      case Product(x, y) => Product(x.fullSimplify(), y.fullSimplify())
+      case _ => this
+    }).simplify()
+  }
+  def derive(s: String): Tree = {
+    val simplified = this.fullSimplify()
+    (simplified match {
+      case Const(_) => Const(0)
+      case Product(c: Const, other) => Product(c, other.derive(s))
+      case Product(other, c: Const) => Product(other.derive(s), c)
+      case Sum(l, r) => Sum(l.derive(s), r.derive(s))
+
+      // Additional
+      case Product(l, r) => Sum(
+        Product(l.derive(s), r),
+        Product(l, r.derive(s))
+      )
+      case Power(b, Const(e)) => Product(Const(e), Power(b, Const(e - 1)))
+      case Power(b, e) => Product(Product(e, Power(b, Sum(e, Const(-1)))), e.derive(s))
+      case Var(n) if n == s => Const(1)
+      // End
+
+      case _ => simplified
+    }).fullSimplify()
+  }
+}
+
+case class Sum(l: Tree, r: Tree) extends Tree {
+  override def toString(): String =
+    l.toString() + "+" + r.toString()
+
+  // Additional
+  override def toTree(indent: String = ""): String = {
+    (indent + "Sum(\n"
+      + l.toTree(indent + "  ") + ",\n"
+      + r.toTree(indent + "  ") + "\n"
+      + indent + ")")
+  }
+  // End
+}
+case class Var(n: String) extends Tree {
+  override def toString() = n
+
+  // Additional
+  override def toTree(indent: String = ""): String = {
+    indent + "Var(" + n + ")"
+  }
+  // End
+}
+case class Const(v: Double) extends Tree {
+  override def toString() = v.toString
+  // Additional
+  override def toTree(indent: String = ""): String = {
+    indent + "Const(" + v + ")"
+  }
+  // End
+}
+case class Power(x: Tree, y: Tree) extends Tree {
+  override def toString() = x + "^" + y
+  // Additional
+  override def toTree(indent: String = ""): String = {
+    (indent + "Power(\n"
+      + x.toTree(indent + "  ") + ",\n"
+      + y.toTree(indent + "  ") + "\n"
+      + indent + ")")
+  }
+  // End
+}
+case class Product(x: Tree, y: Tree) extends Tree {
+  override def toString() = x + "*" + y
+  // Additional
+  override def toTree(indent: String = ""): String = {
+    (indent + "Sum(\n"
+      + x.toTree(indent + "  ") + ",\n"
+      + y.toTree(indent + "  ") + "\n"
+      + indent + ")")
+  }
+  // End
+}
+
+val p = Product(
+  Sum(
+    Const(3),
+    Const(-3)
+  ),
+  Const(10)
+)
+
+p.eval()
+p.fullSimplify()
+
+// 23x^3 + 6x^2 -268x + pi
+val p = Sum(
+  Sum(
+    Sum(
+      Product(
+        Power(
+          Var("x"),
+          Const(3)
+        ),
+        Const(23),
+      ),
+      Product(
+        Const(6),
+        Power(
+          Var("x"),
+          Const(2)
+        )
+      )
+    ),
+    Product(
+      Const(-268),
+      Var("x")
+    )
+  ),
+  Const(Math.PI)
+)
+
+p.toTree()
+
+p.derive("x").toTree()
+
+p.derive("x")
+
+// (23x^3 + 6x^2 -268x + pi)' = 69x^2 + 12x - 268

src/Lesson8/Actors.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package Lesson8
+
+import akka.actor.{Actor, ActorSystem, Props}
+
+object Actors extends App {
+  case class Greetings(who: String)
+
+  class SimplestActor extends Actor {
+    def receive = {
+      case Greetings(who) => println(s"Hello $who, pleased to meet you")
+    }
+  }
+
+  val system = ActorSystem("MySystem")
+  val simple_greeter = system.actorOf(Props[SimplestActor])
+
+  simple_greeter ! Greetings("Dr Who")
+}
+

src/Lesson8/Futures.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package Lesson8
+
+import scala.concurrent.Future
+import scala.util.{Failure, Success}
+
+object Futures extends App {
+  implicit val ec: scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext = scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.global
+
+  val f: Future[Int] = Future {
+    Thread.sleep(650)
+    3 + 4
+  }
+
+  f onComplete {
+    case Success(x: Int) => println(s"Computing done, result is $x")
+    case Failure(ex) => println("Error")
+  }
+}

src/Lesson9/PimpMyLibrary.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package Lesson9
+
+import scala.language.{implicitConversions, postfixOps}
+
+object PimpMyLibrary extends App{
+  /*class PimpedString(s: String) {
+    def increment: String = new String(s.toCharArray.map(_ + 1))
+  }
+
+  implicit def str2Pimped(s: String): PimpedString = new PimpedString(s)
+
+  println("Hal" increment)*/
+}
+
+

src/utils/package.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/**
+ * Some useful functions for Scala.
+ *
+ * @author Pierre-André Mudry
+ * @version 1.0
+ */
+
+import java.io.{BufferedOutputStream, File, FileOutputStream}
+import scala.io.{Codec, Source}
+
+package object utils {
+
+	/**
+	 * There are functions for micro-benchmarking, but you should not
+	 * rely on those functions for measuring short durations!
+	 */
+
+	// Measure the time for a block of code to run, approximately
+	def timeVerbose(f: ⇒ Unit) = {
+		println("[Time] Start of measure")
+		val duration = time(f)
+		println(s"[Time] Block duration was $duration ms\n")
+		duration
+	}
+
+	// With a customized error message
+	def timeVerbose(s: String)(f: ⇒ Unit) = {
+		println(s"[$s] Start of measure")
+		val duration = time(f)
+		println(s"[$s] Block duration was $duration ms\n")
+		duration
+	}
+
+	// Measure the time for a block of code to run, approximately
+	def time(f: ⇒ Unit) = {
+		val start = System.currentTimeMillis
+		f // Execute the block
+		val duration = System.currentTimeMillis - start
+		duration
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * A class for reading and writing to files easily
+	 */
+	implicit class RichFile(file: File) {
+		def read() = Source.fromFile(file)(Codec.UTF8).mkString
+
+		def write(data: String) {
+			val fos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file))
+			try {
+				fos.write(data.getBytes("UTF-8"))
+			} finally {
+				fos.close
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}